Creative Biolabs is a well-recognized expert in the field of antibody generation and production. Especially, we have launched a series of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) antibody development services for different infections and diseases, including sepsis. Scientific progress has resulted in the discovery of novel disease biomarkers to fulfill the need for quicker, more specific and more accurate diagnosis of sepsis. Particularly, we provide IVD antibody development services against the GM-CSF marker.
Granulocyte-macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF)
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a 22-kDa glycoprotein cytokine, secreted by mononuclear leukocytes including monocytes, plays a wide role in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and myeloid-derived dendritic cells. GM-CSF has been demonstrated to enhance monocytic HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) expression and endotoxin-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in ex vivo whole blood cultures of patients with severe sepsis. In addition, GM-CSF has been demonstrated to enhance the capability of monocytes and macrophages to phagocytose invading pathogens. It has been shown that GM-CSF induces monocyte activation and can protect monocytes from going into apoptosis.
Fig.1 Cell types that produce and respond to GM-CSF. (Palle, 2017)
The Role of GM-CSF in Sepsis
Monocyte dysfunction has been shown to be associated with adverse consequences in sepsis patients. And the GM-CSF may be responsible for optimal monocyte function in these patients. Usually, patients suffered from sepsis have a feature with monocyte anergy. Lack of monocyte responsiveness resulted from an excessive release of anti-inflammatory cytokines will lead to a dysfunctional monocyte characterized by inadequate respiratory burst, activation and antigen presentation. Studies reveal that GM-CSF is able to restore the function of human monocytes by stimulating monocyte TNF and TNF-receptor secretion. Moreover, GM-CSF can also recover monocyte HLA-DR expression in septic patients with low monocyte HLA-DR expression, as well as intensify production of monocyte reactive oxygen species. Besides, GM-CSF can increase the expression of cell adhesion molecules by monocytes, thereby enhancing potential migration to the site of inflammation. So, GM-CSF is considered as a diagnostic marker to monitor the progress of sepsis and therapeutic effect.
Fig.2 GM-CSF is a central regulator of innate immunity.
IVD Antibody Development Services for GM-CSF Marker
Antibodies are core elements for antibody-based immunoassays for detecting and quantifying antigens of interest in all kinds of samples such as the serum, urine, tissue preparations, and so on. IVD antibodies are extensively used for disease screening, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. With our versatile IVD platform, Creative Biolabs is proud to develop novel anti-GM-CSF antibody from scratch to commercial IVD kit (we can also start with provided antibody candidates). If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.
Reference
For Research Use Only.
