Individual Complement Component Activity Test

Creative Biolabs has a robust standardized complement test platform and a variety of test technologies. We provide our customers with routine quantitative tests and functional activity test for individual components as well as a full range of complement components testing services.

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What is the Individual Complement Component Activity Test?

The complement system is a complex immunoregulatory network composed of more than 30 proteins, and abnormal activity of its components is closely associated with infections, autoimmune diseases, genetic defects and other diseases. The assay of individual components focuses on the mechanism of action and biological function of specific complement proteins in the cascade reaction, providing key data for the study of complement regulatory mechanisms and disease associations. Individual complement component activity assay is used to quantitatively or qualitatively analyze the functional activity or content of a specific component of the complement system (e.g., C3, C5, C1q, Factor B, etc.).

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Service Portfolio

C1q-Binding Assays

This assay is mainly used for measuring the ability of antibody candidates binding to the complement C1q. For the assay, antibody samples developed by clients with different concentration gradients will be tested.

C1r Functional Test

This assay is a laboratory method designed to assess the activity and function of the C1r component within the complement system across various samples, utilizing ELISA techniques.

C1s Functional Test

This assay is a laboratory technique aimed at evaluating the activity and functionality of the C1s component within the complement system across diverse samples, employing hemolysis-in-gel assays and ELISA.

C1 Inhibitor Functional Test

This test measures the activity and functionality of the C1-INH protein within plasma. The test evaluates how well C1-INH inhibits the classical complement pathway, particularly its ability to inhibit C1r and C1s proteases

C1 Complex Functional Test

This test evaluates the activity of the C1 complex. C1 activation is then measured by the resulting breakdown of complement components, often monitored through hemolysis or other specific assays.

C2 Functional Test

This test is a laboratory test used to assess the activity and functionality of C2 in the blood. This can be done by using specific activators or assays to evaluate the activation or consumption of C2 in a blood sample.

C3 Functional Test

This test is used to evaluate the activity and functionality of C3 in the blood. The test typically involves adding a specific activator or target substance to a blood sample and measuring the resulting activation or consumption of C3.

C3a Functional Test

This assay is crafted to assess the activity and functionality of the C3a component within the complement system across diverse samples, such as human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and cell culture supernatants.

C3b Functional Test

This assay is designed to evaluate the activity and functionality of the C3b component within the complement system across various samples. We provide hemolytic tests, ELISA methods and C3b deposition assays.

C3 Convertase Functional Test

This assay is designed to evaluate the activity and function of the C3 Convertase component within the complement system across a variety of samples. We offer hemolytic tests, ELISA techniques and SPR chips.

C5 Functional Test

Hemolytic assays are one of the primary complement C5 function tests that may be performed. In addition, we offer hemolytic assays with inhibitors or C5 mutant proteins.

C5a Functional Test

This test assesses the activity of the complement component C5a. Commonly used methods include C5a ELISA and chemiluminescence assays. The hemolysis assay involves testing C5a-induced red blood cell lysis.

C5b Functional Test

This test is designed to measure the activity of C5b in the immune system. The method involves isolating plasma or serum samples and using hemolytic assays, ELISA, or similar immunoassays to detect and measure C5b levels.

C5 Convertase Functional Test

This assay is designed to evaluate the activity and performance of the C5 convertase component across various samples, including human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and cell culture supernatants.

C5b-9 Complex Functional Test

This test measures the presence and quantity of C5b-9 complex in serum or plasma samples. It is often performed using the ELISA technique, ex vivo deposition tests, or hemolytic assays.

Factor B Functional Test

The assessment of FB formation in conjunction with other influencing factors was conducted through a combination of SPR and ELISA.

Factor D Functional Test

Creative Biolabs presents an exhaustive array of functional assays for CFD through expeditious ELISA and hemolysis evaluation techniques.

Factor H Functional Test

Serum samples provided containing either FH or mutant FH can be quantified for concentration using a sandwich ELISA. Subsequently, their functionality will be evaluated through hemolysis assays.

Factor I Functional Assay

This assay is used to assess the activity and functionality of the complement component factor I in the blood, which can be performed by SDS-PAGE using labeled C3b/C4b and sandwich ELISA.

Factor P Functional Test

This test is used to assess the activity and functionality of the complement component factor P in the blood, which can be performed by hemolytic assay and ELISA.

Why Choose Our Services?

Whether you are in mechanism discovery, drug development, or preclinical evaluation, we can provide reliable, customized activity testing solutions for individual complement components for your research.

Compatible with a wide range of sample types

Highly specific assay platform for precise assessment

Combining sensitivity and quantification

Flexible adjustment of experimental procedures and assay indexes

Workflow of Individual Complement Component Assays

We have briefly summarized the workflow for testing several complement components. For more information or customized service solutions, please feel free to contact us.

Fig.1 Workflow of complement C1q-binding assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Fig.2 Workflow of complement C2 assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Fig.3 Workflow of complement C3 assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Fig.4 Workflow of complement C5 assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Fig.5 Workflow of complement FB assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Fig.6 Workflow of complement FD assays. (Creative Biolabs)

Applications of Individual Components Activity Test

Inflammatory Mechanisms Research

Reveal the activation pathways of key complement components
Study the interaction between complement and inflammatory cytokines
Screen for inflammatory regulatory factor targets

Validation of Autoimmune Disease Models

Monitor the effects of complement activation on self-tissues
Analyze the synergistic effects of complement components and autoantibodies
Optimize animal model construction and intervention strategies

In Vitro Functional Screening of Drug Candidates

Assess the effect of drug candidates on complement activity
Establish a platform for validation of complement-targeting drug mechanisms
Predict the risk of potential immune side effects

Case Studies of Individual Components Activity Test

Case 1

Sandwich ELISA: For C1q binding analysis

For C1q binding analysis, plates were coated with PAT-SM6 or controls (isotype or Rituximab). After blocking, plates were incubated with human C1q followed by sheep anti human C1q-HRP. PAT-SM6 showed clear but moderate binding to C1q compared to the isotype control. Rituximab displayed a stronger C1q binding capacity. PAT-SM6 mediated deposition of C1q on the surface of OPM-2 cells was assessed by using human C1q and detecting antibodies in FACS.

Fig. 7 C1q binding analysis.^1,3

Case 2

ELISA: For measurement of C3, C3a, Factor Ba, C5a, and sC5b-9 in sera

Serum was analyzed for C3, C3a, factor Ba, C5a, and sC5b-9 using an ELISA. Complement activation was shown to continue at early levels by tracking the levels of the central complement component C3. Depletion of C3 coupled with elevated levels of C3a, Ba, C5a, and sC5b-9 indicated that complement was activated and that activation proceeded to the level of the C3-converting enzymes and C5-converting enzymes and into the terminal pathway. The activation proceeds to the C3- and C5-converting enzyme levels and enters the terminal pathway.

Measurement of the C3, C3a, Factor Ba,C5a, and sC5b-9 in sera. (Schmidt, Tilman, et al., 2022)

Fig. 8 ELISA for measurement of the C3, C3a, Factor Ba, C5a, and sC5b-9 in sera.^2,3

References

Rasche, Leo, et al. "The natural human IgM antibody PAT-SM6 induces apoptosis in primary human multiple myeloma cells by targeting heat shock protein GRP78." PloS one 8.5 (2013): e63414. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063414
Schmidt, Tilman, et al. "An interdisciplinary diagnostic approach to guide therapy in C3 glomerulopathy." Frontiers in Immunology 13 (2022): 826513. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.826513
Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.

What Our Clients Say

“Precision and professionalism at every step. We’ve partnered with many assay providers over the years, but none have matched the level of detail and consistency offered here. The individual component activity tests gave us confidence in our downstream applications and helped accelerate our formulation pipeline.”

— Dr. Evelyn Chang, Senior Scientist

“As a CRO, our clients demand reproducibility and accuracy. This service gave us just that. The team not only delivered on time, but also provided insightful data interpretation that proved invaluable in our client reports.”

— Jacob Morales, Project Manager

“They helped us catch what we would have missed. The component-specific activity tests revealed subtle activity losses we hadn't detected. That insight alone saved us months of work.”

— Lara H., R&D Lead

“What impressed me most wasn’t just the assay quality, but the scientific engagement. They took the time to understand our goals, adapted protocols where needed, and kept us updated with full transparency. I’ll definitely return for future batches.”

— Sofia Keller, Director of Product Development

“We had a non-standard protein complex and were unsure whether any provider could help. Not only did they develop a tailored activity assay, but they also walked us through the results in a way that made internal reporting a breeze.”

— Tomas Ilic, Bioprocess Lead

FAQ about Individual Components Activity Test

What specific complement components can your individual complement component activity test detect?

Our testing services cover key components of the three complement activation pathways, classical, alternative and lectin, including but not limited to C1q, C3, C3a, C5, C5a, C9, Factor B, Factor D, MBL, Properdin, and various types of regulatory proteins such as Factor H, I and others. Customers can customize specific assay combinations according to their research objectives, and we can also provide standard panel recommendations for reference.

Do you support testing of samples of human and animal origin? What are the sample type requirements?

Yes, we support samples of human origin and a variety of animal model (e.g., mouse, rat, guinea pig, primate) sources. Common sample types include serum, plasma, cell supernatant, tissue homogenate, etc. Detailed guidelines for sample collection and preservation will be provided. We can also provide standardized sampling tubes and cold chain transport solutions to ensure sample quality.

I would like to perform a comparison of the activity of complement components under different experimental conditions, such as before and after drug treatment or at different time points. Is this possible?

Absolutely. We support group testing of bulk samples and comparative analysis of experimental conditions, and we can develop a multi-group parallel test plan according to your experimental design. At the same time, we provide data standardization and statistical analysis services to assist you in determining whether the changes in complement function under different conditions are statistically significant. This type of service is particularly suitable for drug efficacy evaluation, immune function monitoring or disease modeling studies.