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Overview
Normally, the white blood cells (WBC) produced by our bone marrow help fight infection. In chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patient, the affected WBCs belong to a specific kind of blood cells which are named myeloid cells. This disease is often accompanied by a specific type of chromosome rearrangement event, like part of chromosome 9 breaking off and attaching itself to chromosome 22, which results in uncontrolled cell growth. CML occurs more commonly in adults older than 50, and the amount of this group makes up of nearly 70% of all cases with more male versus female. Some factors like older age, being male are related to the causes of CML, while the high levels of radiation exposure is thought to inrease the risk mostly.
Signs, symptoms and treatments
As CML is cancer of the blood-forming bone marrow, patients may experience symptoms differently from each other, some of the most common symptoms include: general fatigue, recurrent infections, swollen lymph nodes, bone and joint pain. However, these common symptoms do not include all possible ones. Depending on the the phase of the leukemia, the amount of cancer cells and other factors, treatments such as tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, chemotherapy combined with donor stem cell transplant and splenectomy can be carried out. Some genetical engineered therapies which have also shown a great promising view for treating CML.
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