Sialic Acid Microarray

Fig.1 Sialic acid diversity. (Varki, 2009)

Sialic acids are typically found as terminal residues on the glycan chains of vertebrate glycoconjugates and play important roles in protein recognition and immunization activities against exogenous virus. Sialic acids have the potential for more unique and varied biological functions due to their higher structural complexity. Sialic acids binding lectins can be found in many microbes, plants and animals. Studies of these sialic acids recognizing proteins by sialic acids microarrays are rapidly growing. As a leading supplier in the field of microarrays, Creative Biolabs is committed to designing and developing various effective biological microarray products for research. Our microarray test platform provides convenient and rapidly sialic acid binding analyzation with proteins, virus or other microorganism to help our global customers conduct relevant research and reduce research costs.

Introduction of Sialic Acid Microarray

Sialic acids are a group α-keto acids with a nine-carbon backbone, which display many types of modifications in nature. The diversity of natural sialic acid presentations is magnified by a variety of glycosidic linkages to underlying glycans, the sequences and classes of such glycans. The types of natural modifications found on sialic acids far exceed that of any other monosaccharides due to their nine-carbon backbone. This diversity is closely linked to the numerous and varied biological functions of sialic acids. However, the researches focus on the interaction between sialic acids and proteins or virus suffering from the lack of sialic acid derivative samples and throughput of the screen. Therefore, the sialic acid microarrays have proved to be valuable tools for the exploration of the diversity and biology of sialic acids. Due to the important effect of sialic acids in the immune system, sialic acid microarray is widely used in Glycoprotein-based Vaccine Development, Tumor Glyco-diag and Anti-Glycoprotein Antibody Development.

Fig.2 Distribution of sialic acid. (Deng, 2013)

Applications of Sialic Acid Microarray

Based on the bioactivity of sialic acids in immunological recognition, sialic acid microarray technology has been commonly applied in the studies of sialic acid recognizing proteins or viruses. Through the screen of various sialic acid derivates, higher affinity sialic acid analogues have been picked out and shown potential to be used as sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins inhibitors or for targeted therapeutic delivery to treat B cell leukemia. Another useful function of sialic acid microarray is to identify the virus type according to their combining capacity to different sialic acid analogues. One well-known example is the recognition of different sialic acid linkages by human and avian adapted influenza A viruses. Moreover, sialic acid microarray methods can combine with many other technologies to develop multifunctional chips such as SPRi, MALDI-TOF MS or Flow Cytometry.

The high flexibility of structure and function requires a rapid and high-throughput screen method to discover the carbohydrate-protein interactions. Our sialic acid microarray provides an approach to achieve these goals. If you are interested in our service or have any requirements in glycobiology research, please don't hesitate to contact us.

References

1. Varki, A.; et al. Essentials of glycobiology, 2nd ed.2009, 199-218.
2. Deng, L.; et al. Exploration of sialic acid diversity and biology using sialoglycan microarrays. Biopolymers. 2013, 99(10), 650-665.

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