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AGRN

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Agrin (AGRN) is a secreted heparan sulfate proteoglycan encoded by AGRN gene, distributed within skeletal muscle basement membrane and peripheral nerve terminals, belonging to extracellular matrix glycoprotein family and acting as master organizer of neuromuscular junction (NM) formation. AGRN carries multiple evolutionarily conserved laminin-binding domains and receptor-interacting C-terminal segments across species, serving as an essential signaling bridge between motor axon terminals and muscle fiber membranes. Apart from embryonic synapse formation, AGRN also participates in adult neuromuscular junction structural maintenance and regulates post-injury synaptic remodeling in muscle tissues; sustained loss of functional AGRN will lead to disassembly of postsynaptic receptor clusters and weaken neuromuscular transmission efficiency. AGRN-mediated extracellular matrix signaling exerts decisive effects on triggering postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor aggregation during embryonic muscle innervation. Furthermore, AGRN coordinates muscle fiber differentiation and peripheral nerve axon guidance cascades. Distinct from general basement matrix proteins, AGRN holds exclusive synaptic organizing capacity specific to neuromuscular contact sites.

AGRN executes biological functions via proteolytically processed C-terminal fragments binding muscle LRP4 receptors to activate MuSK kinase signaling, driving dense clustering of acetylcholine receptors on postsynaptic muscle membrane and shaping mature neuromuscular junction architecture. Its heparan sulfate modification sites mediate matrix anchoring to fix signaling gradients at synaptic regions. AGRN participates in embryonic innervation and adult synaptic structural maintenance. Defective AGRN signaling disperses postsynaptic receptor clusters and causes congenital myasthenic syndromes. Therefore, AGRN constitutes a pivotal research target for neuromuscular developmental biology and synaptic disease mechanisms.

Fig. 1 AGRN-LRP4-MuSK signal axis full protein domain map with splicing and mutation sites. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Domain architecture of human AGRN (A) and its functional partners MuSK (B), LRP4 (C), Kr (D), highlighting alternative splicing sites, proteolytic cleavage sites, pathogenic myasthenia mutations and key receptor-interacting domains.1

AGRN Protein Function: Core Roles in Neuromuscular Junction Organizing and Postsynaptic Receptor Clustering

The biological functions of AGRN are focused on LRP4-MuSK signal activation and postsynaptic receptor aggregation:

  • LRP4 Receptor Binding: C-terminal functional fragments specifically bind muscle LRP4 co-receptors.
  • MuSK Kinase Activation: Triggers intracellular MuSK signaling cascade to gather acetylcholine receptors.
  • Neuromuscular Junction Assembly: Establishes stable pre-post synaptic contact architecture during development.
  • Adult Synapse Maintenance: Sustains postsynaptic receptor clusters in mature skeletal muscle tissue.
  • Disease Relevance: Loss-of-function AGRN mutations disperse synaptic receptors and induce congenital myasthenia.

AGRN Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers high-quality AGRN proteins via optimized expression systems, covering full-length AGRN and bioactive C-terminal truncated variants. These products retain native heparan sulfate modification sites and LRP4 binding activity, suitable for neuromuscular synapse formation and myasthenia compound screening. Purification removes inactive proteolytic breakdown fragments, and special matrix-compatible buffer preserves glycoprotein tertiary structure during long-term storage. All AGRN proteins undergo rigorous quality control to guarantee consistent functional performance and reliable application across diverse research platforms.

AGRN Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

AGRN Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides custom engineered AGRN stable cell lines, including overexpression and gene silencing models. These cell lines are optimized for neuromuscular junction developmental research. Multi-round clonal screening selects strains with steady secreted AGRN levels without expression fluctuation in continuous passage, with full secretion quantification records provided. Each cell line undergoes strict validation procedures to ensure steady target expression levels and uniform functional performance across multiple experimental scenarios.

AGRN Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

AGRN Recombinant Antibody Product

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting AGRN are developed with advanced antibody engineering workflows, without cross-reactivity against other basement proteoglycans. These antibodies are validated for muscle tissue immunofluorescence and culture supernatant detection, formulated without harsh detergents to preserve extracellular matrix antigen signals. Pre-screening eliminates off-target binding signals against laminin and collagen.

AGRN Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native LRP4 Binding Activity: Preserves MuSK-activating fragment function for neuromuscular synapse research.
  • Basement Proteoglycan Specificity: Validated exclusive AGRN epitope recognition without cross-binding ECM proteins.
  • Neuromuscular Research Compatibility: Optimized for synaptic receptor clustering and myasthenic screening.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Facilitates end-to-end customized proteins, antibodies and stable cell lines for synapse developmental research.

Custom AGRN Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for AGRN research:

  • Custom AGRN Protein Production: Tailored expression of full-length and C-terminal mutant AGRN fragments for receptor binding assays.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of AGRN-specific antibodies for muscle basement membrane staining.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Custom AGRN-modified cell models for neuromuscular developmental research.
  • Functional Assay Development: Design of acetylcholine receptor clustering and synapse assembly detection assays.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of AGRN?

    AGRN is a secreted matrix proteoglycan that binds muscle LRP4 to activate MuSK and induce postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor clustering at neuromuscular junctions.

  2. Why is AGRN a significant research target?

    AGRN is the core organizer of neuromuscular synapses; functional defects cause congenital myasthenic transmission disorders, establishing it as a vital research target.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' AGRN products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all AGRN products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of AGRN products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include AGRN glycoproteins, high-specificity recombinant antibodies and custom stable cell lines for neuromuscular synapse research.

  5. How are AGRN proteins validated for activity?

    AGRN proteins undergo functional verification via LRP4 receptor binding and acetylcholine receptor clustering capacity evaluation.

Reference
  1. Guarino, Salvatore R., Anselmo Canciani, and Federico Forneris. "Dissecting the extracellular complexity of neuromuscular junction organizers." Frontiers in molecular biosciences 6 (2020): 156. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00156
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