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CD93

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

CD93 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the C-type lectin-like group 14 family, encoded by the CD93 gene on human chromosome 20p11. The mature protein contains an N-terminal signal peptide, a C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD), a sushi-like domain, five tandem epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, followed by a mucin-like region, a single transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic tail that can interact with the cytoskeletal adaptor moesin. Extensive O-glycosylation within the mucin-like region contributes to proper cell-surface expression and ligand accessibility. The expression pattern of CD93 is highly dynamic and context dependent. It is expressed by endothelial cells and can be upregulated during angiogenic activation, including in sprouting vasculature, while expression is generally lower in quiescent endothelium. This expression pattern makes CD93 a useful marker for studying activated and angiogenic endothelial states. In addition to endothelial cells, CD93 is expressed on several myeloid and hematopoietic cell populations, including monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, microglia, and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, where it has been implicated in processes such as cell clearance, adhesion, and innate immune regulation. Soluble CD93 (sCD93) can be generated by ectodomain shedding in response to inflammatory stimuli, and altered circulating sCD93 levels have been reported in association with several inflammatory and vascular disease states.

Fig.1 CD93 features an N-terminal signal peptide. (OA Literature)Fig.1 Structural representation of group XIV C-type lectin domain proteins.1

CD93 Protein Function: A Versatile Regulator of Vascular Integrity and Immune Homeostasis

The functional repertoire of CD93 ranges across multiple inter-related biological domains:

  • Tumor Angiogenesis and Vascular Normalization: CD93 is a key mediator of abnormal vascularised tumours. Via its extracellular domain, it interacts with multimerin-2 (MMRN2) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7(IGFBP7), which take place in the ECM. CD93-MMRN2 complex stabilizes receptor in endothelial filopodia, inhibits lateral proteolytic shedding of CD93 and activates β1 integrin leading to focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation plus fibronectin fibrillogenesis. The sham signaling cascade is critical for vascular structure to endothelial migration, tubulogenesis and the integrity of tumor vessels. Remarkably, CD93 is highly expressed on tumor neovasculature but minimally present in quiescent normal vessels thereby generating a unique therapeutic window to exploit.
  • Leukemia Stem Cell Maintenance: CD93 is a new stem cell marker that ambit in both AML and CML, revealing LSCs from their functional random into two populations; designated as either positive or negative for the expression of functionally distinct subsets of this novel leukemia-associated antigen. These CD93-positive LSCs possess a greater self-renewal ability and resistance to standard therapy. The anti-emetic drug metoclopramide (MCP) pharmacologically blocks CD93 signaling, and targeting antibodies to this receptor abolish self-renewal of LSCs with greater efficacy than in non-LSC cells, thus supporting a role for the maintenance of stemness by CD93 as well as its potential utility as a novel therapeutic antigen for myeloid leukemia.
  • Innate Immune Recognition and Phagocytosis: CD93 was initially identified as a putative receptor for the complement component C1q, but later studies have demonstrated its distinct functions in recognition of dying host cells (i.e., apoptotic) as well interaction with bacterial DNA-containing CpG motifs to transport them into endosomal Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). These functions associate CD93 with tissue homeostasis and pathogenic inspection.

CD93 Membrane Protein Product

Our library of high-quality recombinant CD93 proteins can help support vascular biology and immuno-oncology research. The multi-domain extracellular architecture and extensive O-glycosylation of CD93 can present distinct production challenges. To address different experimental needs, CD93 proteins may be available in formats such as full-length membrane-associated constructs and soluble extracellular-domain fragments containing relevant functional regions. These products can support structural studies, ligand-binding assays, antibody screening, and other biochemical or functional research applications. Appropriate quality assessment is performed according to the specific product format and intended research use.

CD93 Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

CD93 Stable Cell Line Product

Reliable cellular models that can be utilized reproducibly are critical to delineate CD93 biology and test therapeutic candidates. We generate stable cell lines expressing wild-type or engineered human, mouse and rat CD93 as well as those engineered to lower the endogenous expression for loss-of-function studies. Optimized tube formation assays with high-throughput throughput, as well as quantifying endothelial migration studies and β1 integrin activation, were performed on these platforms along with sizable-scale leukemia stem cell sphere formation assays, providing the experimental reproducibility necessary for multiple phases of research projects.

CD93 Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

CD93 Recombinant Antibody Product

We offer a high affinity of recombinant antibodies against CD93 to fulfill the requirements from all research applications. Advancements in production techniques of these antibodies, specifically recombinant technologies have yielded monoclonal antibodies with high specificity/sensitivity and batch-to-batch consistency compared to traditional polyclonal antibodies. Our collection of CD93 recombinant antibodies are validated in WB, ELISA, FCM (Flow Cytometry), IF (Immunofluorescence), ICC (Immunocytochemistry), IHC and IP assays to allow robust detection and quantification of target protein including: endothelial cell lysates, leukemia stem cells preparations, human tumor tissue sections, plasma.

CD93 Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • High Purity & Activity: High purity and verified integrity for dependable downstream work.
  • Diverse Expression Systems: Choice of expression formats to match routine or specialized projects.
  • Species Reactivity: Products available for human, mouse, pig, and other species.
  • Validated Applications: Application-tested to deliver consistent signals across common lab workflows.
  • Superior Batch-to-Batch Consistency: Stringent quality controls to ensure low variability from batch to batch.
  • Customization Options: Tags/Labels/package Modifications available upon request.

Custom CD93 Membrane Protein and Antibody Discovery Services

In addition to out catalog products, we also provide focused custom services for membrane protein and antibody discovery and development. Based on our knowledge of vascular biology, angiogenesis and leukemia stem cell research are able to help you with:

  • Production & Validation: Cloning of the synthesized optimized gene into an expression vector, plus small-scale expression trials to help determine the best expression conditions.
  • Custom Antibody Production: Produced via large-scale expression in mammalian/insect/cell culture or bacterial expression systems, purified in detergent or reconstituted into nanodiscs.
  • Engineered Cell Lines: Creation of stable cell lines that physiologically mimic endogenous CD93 expression and activity.
  • Functional Assessment Systems: Designing and executing assays to assess protein function and ligand binding.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. Can your anti-CD93 antibodies be applied to immunofluorescence staining of formalin-fixed placental or dermal microvascular tissue sections to map endothelial distribution?

    Yes, a number of clones have been confirmed on archival specimens using standard antigen retrieval methods that correlate with the known membranous staining patterns in endothelium and stroma cell types. Validation (peptide competition and recombinant antigen controls) provides evidence of epitope specificity across multiple tissue contexts with heterogeneous backgrounds.

  2. Are your CD93 antibodies cross-reactive with native preparations from mouse and rat, which are frequently used in angiogenesis & inflammation models?

    Yes, the immunogen is from a region very conserved across mammalian species and allows detection in human/ mouse or rat endothelial & tissue preparations without multiple species specific reagents.

  3. Do you offer stable cell lines that co-express CD93 and complement C1q for continuous investigation of complement-dependent vascular remodeling or opsonization kinetics?

    We have developed dual-stable lines with plasmids producing both a constitutive expression of full-length CD93 as well as the complement component C1q from independent loci. The system can be used for persistent studies of ongoing foe-dependent vascular remodeling, opsonization kinetics and enothelial barrier modulatuion without the need for repeated transient transfectio or exogenous serum supplementation.

  4. Do you have stable cell lines that express inducible CD93 or co-express MMRN2 with IGFBP7?

    Absolutely. Our cell engineering team routinely constructs tetracycline-inducible systems and lines co-expressing CD93 with MMRN2, IGFBP7 or β1 integrin reporter vectors for detailed angiogenesis and adhesion studies. Detailed discussions around your expression architecture and phenotypic needs are welcome.

Reference
  1. Cai, Menghan, et al. "CD93 in health and disease: bridging physiological functions and clinical applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26.17 (2025): 8617. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178617
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