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DHODH

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone) (DHODH) is an indispensable mitochondrial inner membrane oxidoreductase encoded by the DHODH gene, belonging to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme family and acting as the rate-limiting effector of de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway and cellular proliferative regulation. DHODH is widely expressed across proliferative somatic and immune cell populations, with evolutionarily conserved quinone-binding and catalytic dehydrogenase domains across species, serving as an essential modulator for dihydroorotate oxidation, uridine monophosphate precursor generation and mitochondrial respiratory chain coordination. DHODH-mediated catalytic activity exerts decisive effects on sustaining intact nucleotide pools, genome replication and immune cell clonal expansion under physiological conditions. Furthermore, DHODH coordinates downstream signaling cascades governing cellular redox balance, inflammatory response and immune cell differentiation to safeguard intact tissue physiological function. Distinct from other metabolic enzymes with divergent substrate affinity profiles, DHODH carries unique non-redundant duties in pyrimidine precursor synthesis and immune homeostasis, rendering it indispensable for regular cell cycle progression, inflammatory signal transduction and overall tissue stress resistance.

DHODH executes biological functions through binding dihydroorotate substrates and membrane quinone cofactors to trigger redox catalysis, driving continuous pyrimidine precursor production to support sustained nucleotide synthesis during cellular proliferation, which supplies balanced nucleotide substrates throughout cellular compartments. Its conserved functional domains mediate substrate recognition and electron transfer, enabling precise tuning of pyrimidine metabolism and intracellular redox signal transmission. DHODH-dependent signaling sustains systemic cellular metabolic equilibrium, covering intact pyrimidine biosynthesis cycles, coordinated mitochondrial redox homeostasis and persistent proliferative capacity surveillance. DHODH participates in an extensive spectrum of biological processes, such as de novo nucleotide synthesis, immune cell proliferation modulation, inflammatory signal transduction and tissue immune microenvironment maintenance. Aberrant expression or functional impairment of DHODH severely disrupts nucleotide metabolism stability, disturbs immune cell expansion and elevates susceptibility to inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune arthritis, cutaneous inflammatory lesions and hematopoietic proliferative abnormalities. Therefore, DHODH constitutes a pivotal research target for investigating metabolic enzymology, immune cell physiology and inflammatory disease pathogenic mechanisms.

Fig. 1 DHODH water channel, astrocyte endfeet, DHODH-IgG autoantibody, neuromyelitis optica, blood-brain barrier, central nervous system inflammation diagram. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of DHODH distribution in astrocyte endfeet and the pathogenic process of neuromyelitis optica induced by DHODH-IgG autoantibody.1

DHODH Protein Function: Core Roles in Pyrimidine Biosynthesis and Immune Homeostasis

The biological functions of DHODH are focused on quinone-dependent dehydrogenase catalysis, de novo pyrimidine precursor synthesis and immune proliferative regulation:

  • Dihydroorotate Oxidation Catalysis: Mediates redox reaction converting dihydroorotate to orotate to generate core pyrimidine intermediates.
  • Nucleotide Pool Maintenance: Sustains sufficient pyrimidine precursor supply to support genome replication and cell cycle progression.
  • Mitochondrial Redox Coordination: Couples catalytic electron transfer with mitochondrial respiratory chain to stabilize intracellular redox balance.
  • Immune Response Modulation: Regulates proliferative capacity of immune cell populations to moderate inflammatory signaling cascade activity.
  • Disease Relevance: Indispensable for intact nucleotide metabolism and immune cell activation; functional defects induce uncontrolled inflammatory tissue damage and proliferative pathologies.

DHODH Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers high-quality DHODH proteins via optimized expression systems, covering full-length DHODH and isolated functional domain variants. These products retain native spatial conformation and intrinsic dehydrogenase biological activity, suitable for pyrimidine metabolic activity analysis, enzyme-substrate interaction studies and small molecule compound screening targeting inflammatory diseases. All DHODH proteins undergo rigorous quality control to guarantee consistent functional performance and reliable application across diverse research platforms.

DHODH Membrane Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

DHODH Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides custom engineered DHODH stable cell lines, including overexpression and gene silencing models. These cell line models are optimized for pyrimidine metabolism research, immune proliferative phenotype observation and compound response profiling. Each cell line undergoes strict validation procedures to ensure steady target expression levels and uniform functional performance across multiple experimental scenarios.

DHODH Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

DHODH Recombinant Antibody Product

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting DHODH are developed with advanced antibody engineering workflows, without cross-reactivity against other dehydrogenase family homologs. These antibodies receive multi-scenario functional validation, applicable to protein expression profiling, mitochondrial membrane localization detection, enzyme-substrate binding interaction assessment and inflammatory disease research, enabling precise characterization of DHODH expression patterns, subcellular compartment distribution and functional modulation under physiological and pathological states.

DHODH Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native Dehydrogenase Activity: Preserves endogenous quinone-coupled catalytic capacity and pyrimidine biosynthetic function, supporting accurate metabolic enzymology and inflammatory disease research.
  • Dehydrogenase Family Specificity: Validated for stable biological activity and specific mitochondrial inner membrane binding, delivering consistent and repeatable research readouts.
  • Immune Homeostasis Compatibility: Optimized for pyrimidine metabolic analysis, immune proliferation detection and inflammatory-targeted compound discovery, supplying reliable research tools.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Facilitates end-to-end development of customized proteins, antibodies and stable cell lines to address diverse metabolic and immune research requirements.

Custom DHODH Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for DHODH research:

  • Custom DHODH Protein Production: Tailored expression of DHODH sequence variants, epitope-tagged proteins and fusion constructs for pyrimidine biosynthesis and enzyme interaction research.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of DHODH-specific antibodies for expression detection, mitochondrial localization profiling, enzyme substrate binding evaluation and functional mechanism exploration.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Custom DHODH-modified cell models and inflammatory disease research platforms with standardized functional validation.
  • Functional Assay Development: Design of DHODH-mediated redox catalysis, pyrimidine precursor synthesis and immune proliferative homeostasis detection assays.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of DHODH?

    DHODH is a core mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzyme that mediates quinone-dependent pyrimidine precursor synthesis, mitochondrial redox coordination and immune cell proliferative regulation.

  2. Why is DHODH a significant research target?

    DHODH exerts irreplaceable control over de novo nucleotide metabolism and inflammatory immune activation; its functional defects trigger persistent autoimmune inflammation, establishing it as a vital research target.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' DHODH products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all DHODH products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of DHODH products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include DHODH proteins, high-specificity recombinant antibodies and custom stable cell lines for metabolic and inflammatory disease research.

  5. How are DHODH proteins validated for activity?

    DHODH proteins undergo functional verification via dehydrogenase catalytic activity assessment, substrate binding affinity analysis and conformational stability evaluation.

Reference
  1. Robert, Florian, et al. "BCOR mutations define a therapeutic vulnerability to DHODH Inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia." Annals of Hematology 105.1 (2026): 32. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-026-06773-z
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