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ITGA4

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Integrin subunit alpha 4 (ITGA4) is a transmembrane integrin alpha subunit encoded by the ITGA4 gene, selectively expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils, localized exclusively to leukocyte plasma lipid bilayers. Distinct from widely distributed integrin alpha paralogs, ITGA4 heterodimerizes with beta-1 or beta-7 subunits to form functional adhesion receptors targeting vascular VCAM-1 and mucosal MAdCAM-1 ligands, mediating leukocyte rolling and firm tissue adhesion cascades. Under steady circulatory conditions, basal ITGA4 expression sustains low-level immune cell recirculation without excessive tissue infiltration. Upon inflammatory signal release, assembled ITGA4-containing integrin complexes bind endothelial ligands to facilitate transendothelial migration into inflamed tissue compartments. Unlike housekeeping adhesion integrins, ITGA4 bears leukocyte-restricted homing functions that cannot be fully compensated by other alpha subunits, linking endothelial ligand binding directly to inflammatory cell recruitment pathways. Loss of functional ITGA4 severely impairs lymphocyte and myeloid tissue infiltration and weakens regional immune surveillance, while sustained ITGA4 activity amplifies chronic inflammatory leukocyte accumulation, establishing ITGA4 as a core research target for leukocyte integrin biology and anti-inflammatory trafficking modulator screening.

ITGA4 executes heterodimer-forming integrin subunit function embedded within leukocyte plasma membranes, utilizing conserved extracellular ligand-binding domains to recognize endothelial adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and MAdCAM-1. Conserved binding pockets exclusively target vascular mucosal ligands, separating its substrate spectrum from matrix-binding integrin alpha subunits. ITGA4-mediated leukocyte anchoring bridges circulatory immune cell transport and tissue inflammatory infiltration, balancing leukocyte homing magnitude according to local chemokine stimulus load. ITGA4 participates in lymphoid organ recirculation, mucosal immune residency and autoimmune tissue inflammation. Deficient ITGA4 expression disrupts leukocyte transendothelial migration and impairs regional anti-pathogen immunity. Therefore, ITGA4 represents a pivotal research target for leukocyte integrin study and anti-autoimmune compound screening.

Fig. 1 Schematic of bidirectional inside-out/outside-in ITGA4 integrin signaling and conformational activation. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Conformational switch of ITGA4-containing integrin between inactive, inside-out activated and outside-out signaling states, with full downstream migratory and proliferative cascades.1

ITGA4 Protein Function: Core Roles in Endothelial Ligand Binding and Leukocyte Homing Tuning

The biological functions of ITGA4 are focused on vascular adhesion ligand recognition, integrin heterodimer assembly and inflammatory trafficking control:

  • Endothelial Ligand Binding: Selectively engages VCAM-1 and MAdCAM-1 via extracellular integrin domains.
  • Heterodimer Formation: Assembles with β1/β7 subunits to generate functional leukocyte adhesion receptors.
  • Circulatory Homeostasis Maintenance: Sustains baseline lymphocyte recirculation under non-inflammatory status.
  • Inflammatory Recruitment Modulation: Governs leukocyte transendothelial migration upon chemokine stimulation.
  • Disease Relevance: ITGA4 loss limits inflammatory tissue infiltration, while overexpression aggravates autoimmune tissue damage.

ITGA4 Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers high-quality ITGA4 proteins through optimized expression systems, including full-length integrin alpha subunit and isolated extracellular ligand-binding domain variants. These products retain native endothelial ligand binding biological activity, suitable for integrin heterodimer interaction assays and leukocyte trafficking modulator screening. All ITGA4 proteins undergo strict quality control to ensure consistent performance and reliable application across diverse research platforms.

ITGA4 Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

ITGA4 Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides custom-engineered ITGA4 stable cell lines, including overexpression and blank control models. These cell lines are optimized for leukocyte integrin profiling and migratory signal functional analysis. Each cell line undergoes stringent validation to ensure stable expression profiles and consistent functional performance in diverse experimental contexts.

ITGA4 Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

ITGA4 Recombinant Antibody Product

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting ITGA4 are developed via advanced antibody engineering technologies, with no cross-reactivity with other integrin alpha subunits. These antibodies are validated for leukocyte plasma membrane localization detection and lymphoid tissue expression profiling, and can be combined with β1/β7 integrin detection reagents to analyze complete ITGA4 heterodimer adhesion complexes in immune cell models.

ITGA4 Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native Endothelial Ligand Binding Activity: Preserves intact VCAM-1/MAdCAM-1 recognition capacity for leukocyte trafficking research.
  • ITGA4 Isoform Specificity: Eliminates non-specific cross-recognition of unrelated integrin alpha subunits.
  • Leukocyte Immunology Compatibility: Optimized reagent series for lymphocyte homing and anti-autoimmune therapeutic screening workflows.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Facilitates end-to-end development of customized proteins, antibodies and stable cell lines to address leukocyte integrin research demands.

Custom ITGA4 Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for ITGA4 research:

  • Custom ITGA4 Protein Production: Tailored expression of mutant and tagged ITGA4 constructs for endothelial ligand binding interaction analysis.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of ITGA4-specific antibodies for leukocyte membrane immunostaining in lymphoid populations.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Construction of ITGA4-modified cell models for migratory trafficking research.
  • Functional Assay Development: Custom design of integrin heterodimer and transendothelial migration detection workflows.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of ITGA4?

    ITGA4 is a leukocyte integrin alpha subunit that heterodimerizes with β1/β7 to bind VCAM-1/MAdCAM-1 and mediate immune cell tissue homing.

  2. Why is ITGA4 a significant research target?

    ITGA4 links leukocyte circulatory transport to inflammatory tissue infiltration, governing autoimmune and mucosal immune cell recruitment.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' ITGA4 products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all ITGA4 products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of ITGA4 products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include full-length ITGA4 integrin subunits, isoform-specific detection antibodies and custom stable cell lines for leukocyte trafficking research.

  5. How are ITGA4 proteins validated for activity?

    ITGA4 proteins are validated via endothelial ligand binding functional testing.

Reference
  1. De Matos, Matheus D., et al. "ITGA4 genetic variants as a predictor of therapeutic responsivity to autoimmune diseases." Frontiers in Pharmacology 16 (2025): 1745315. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1745315
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