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IYD

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

The IYD gene is located in the 6q25.1 region of the human chromosome and encodes iodotyrosine deiodinase, which belongs to the flavoprotein family. IYD is a single-chain redox enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 33 kDa and is mainly expressed in the thyroid, liver, and kidneys. As a key enzyme in the thyroid hormone metabolism pathway in the human body, IYD catalyzes the deiodination reactions of moniodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine, promoting the reutilization of iodine and the circulation of raw materials for thyroid hormone synthesis. This gene has multiple functional single nucleotide polymorphism sites, among which some missense variations can significantly reduce enzyme activity, affecting the efficiency of iodine recovery and the homeostasis of thyroid hormones. Moreover, differences in IYD activity are also associated with the susceptibility to certain thyroid-related diseases. Therefore, IYD is regarded as an important molecular target in endocrinology and individualized metabolic research, and its genotyping provides an effective tool for exploring the structure-function relationship and the molecular mechanism of individual differences in iodine metabolism.

Fig.1 The structure of human IYD (hIYD). (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Structure of hIYD.1

Function of IYD protein: A key regulatory factor for the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous substances

The functional spectrum of IYD is extremely extensive, and it is still expanding continuously:

  • Biological transformation of exogenous compounds: IYD, as an important member of the flavoprotein family, participates in the redox metabolism of various exogenous halogenated aromatic substrates, promoting their transformation and clearance.
  • Metabolic regulation of endogenous substrates: This enzyme is also involved in the deiodination cycle of thyroid hormone precursors (moniodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine), playing a crucial role in the reuse of iodine and the maintenance of hormone homeostasis.
  • Genetic polymorphism and functional differences: Natural variations in the genetic sequence can lead to changes in enzyme activity, providing a molecular basis for the differences in iodine metabolism abilities among individuals.
  • Research on protein structure-function relationship: The structural analysis of different variants of IYD is of great significance for understanding its catalytic mechanism and substrate selectivity.

IYD Membrane Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers a series of high-quality IYD membrane protein products, suitable for structural and functional research. Relying on our independently developed MemDX™ recombinant membrane protein technology platform, IYD proteins can be produced in various expression systems, including virus-like particles (VLP) and in vitro prokaryotic expression systems. These rigorously validated protein products, such as MemDX™ recombinant human IYD membrane protein (in virus-like particle form) and human IYD protein (from multiple expression systems), can be applied in research fields such as ELISA, antibody screening and identification, binding experiments, and functional analysis. They provide reliable tool support for researchers to analyze the interactions and regulatory mechanisms of IYD.

IYD Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

IYD Stable Cell Line Product

Constructing robust cell models is of vital importance for the study of IYD function. As a key enzyme in the iodine tyrosine deiodination process, IYD plays a unique role in the metabolism of thyroid hormone precursors. Its activity directly affects the efficiency of iodine element recycling and utilization. Different variants have significant differences in their catalytic preference for substrates and reaction rates. Creative Biolabs offers customized IYD membrane protein stable expression cell models, covering wild-type and various natural variant types. These cell models stably express the target protein on the membrane, and are suitable for the analysis of substrate deiodination kinetics, determination of iodide ion release rate, comparison of enzyme activity, and comprehensive evaluation of the catalytic efficiency of different variants. This provides reliable and reproducible experimental tools for exploring the substrate recognition mechanism of IYD, the enzymatic reaction pathway, and the impact of natural variants on the homeostasis of iodine metabolism. Our technical system ensures the integrity of the cell membrane and the correct positioning of the target protein, providing strong support for your research.

IYD Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

IYD Recombinant Antibody Product

Creative Biolabs offers highly specific recombinant antibodies targeting IYD, using advanced recombinant antibody production technology. Compared to traditional polyclonal antibodies, these recombinant antibodies excel in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and batch-to-batch consistency. Our IYD recombinant antibodies support various application scenarios, including Western Blot (WB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry (FCM), immunofluorescence (IF), immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunoprecipitation (IP). They can be used to distinguish the expression level differences of different IYD variants, detect their distribution and localization in tissues or cells, and study protein interactions. These antibodies provide reliable detection tools for the structural analysis of IYD, the exploration of its functions, and the analysis of the impact of natural variations on iodine metabolism regulation.

IYD Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Diversified expression system: Offers various platforms such as virus-like particles (VLP) and prokaryotic expression systems to meet different research requirements.
  • The verification application is extensive: applicable to ELISA, antibody screening, binding experiments, iodine removal activity analysis, WB, IF, IHC and other detection scenarios.
  • Batch consistency: Ensure the reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results.
  • Customization options: We offer flexible customization services for specific variants, tags or expression systems.

Custom IYD Membrane Protein and Antibody Discovery Services

In addition to the listed products, Creative Biolabs also offers professional customized services for IYD. IYD has multiple variants with distinct functional differences, which pose specific requirements for protein expression, antigen design, and functional validation. Leveraging our technology platform, we can assist you in achieving the following:

  • Customized production of membrane proteins: Personalized expression (VLP, prokaryotic system), purification and characterization for different variants.
  • Customized antibody development: From antigen design to antibody engineering (monoclonal, polyclonal, recombinant), supporting variant discrimination or common epitope recognition.
  • Stable cell model construction: Generate stable cell models that express specific variants for functional comparison studies.
  • Establishment of the functional detection system: Design and conduct activity assays, binding analyses, and evaluation of functional differences of variants.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the main function of the IYD gene?

    The IYD gene mainly participates in the deiodination reaction of iodine-tyrosine, promoting the recycling and reuse of iodine, and playing a crucial role in the metabolism of thyroid hormone precursors. The activity of this enzyme is significantly influenced by natural genetic variations, and different variants have differences in catalytic efficiency. It is an important model for studying the relationship between membrane protein structure and function.

  2. Why is IYD an important research target?

    IYD has multiple natural genetic variations that can lead to changes in enzyme activity or alterations in substrate selectivity. Studying the polymorphisms of IYD is helpful for understanding the structure-function relationship of membrane proteins, the molecular mechanism of individual differences in iodine metabolism, and the regulatory factors of enzyme catalytic efficiency.

  3. Are the IYD products of Creative Biolabs suitable for clinical applications?

    No. All IYD products and services of Creative Biolabs are intended solely for research purposes and cannot be used for any clinical diagnosis, prevention, treatment or cure of any disease.

  4. What types of IYD products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    We provide a variety of products, including recombinant IYD membrane proteins, stable cell models expressing IYD, high-quality recombinant IYD antibodies, as well as comprehensive customized services.

Reference
  1. Hu, Jimin, Watchalee Chuenchor, and Steven E. Rokita. "A switch between one-and two-electron chemistry of the human flavoprotein iodotyrosine deiodinase is controlled by substrate." Journal of Biological Chemistry 290.1 (2015): 590-600. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.605964
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