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S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) is a small calcium-sensing signaling protein encoded by S100A4 gene, belonging to S100 EF-hand calcium-binding superfamily and acting as core mediator of calcium-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangement and stromal invasive signaling. S100A4 expresses in reactive stromal fibroblasts and transformed epithelial populations, carrying dual conserved EF-hand calcium coordination domains across species, serving as essential modulator for calcium signal transduction, actin cytoskeleton remodeling and matrix protease induction. S100A4-mediated calcium-dependent interaction exerts decisive effects on tuning cell migratory capacity and stimulating extracellular matrix breakdown under pathological conditions. Furthermore, S100A4 coordinates downstream signaling cascades governing fibroblast activation, inflammatory stromal crosstalk and invasive phenotypic transformation to regulate tissue metastatic potential. Distinct from other S100 paralogs with divergent target binding profiles, S100A4 carries unique non-redundant roles linking calcium flux to cell motility and matrix degradation, rendering it indispensable for stromal remodeling and malignant dissemination progression.
S100A4 executes biological functions via conformational rearrangement upon calcium ion binding, enabling stable interaction with cytoskeletal and matrix regulatory effector proteins to drive actin reorganization and protease expression. Its conserved EF-hand motifs mediate precise calcium sensing and target protein docking, balancing physiological cytoskeletal turnover against pathological invasive cell movement. S100A4 participates in broad biological processes including calcium signal transduction, fibroblast stromal activation, extracellular matrix proteolysis and migratory phenotype regulation. Elevated S100A4 expression amplifies cell motility and matrix degradation, accelerating local tissue invasion and distant metastatic spread in proliferative lesions. Therefore, S100A4 constitutes a pivotal research target for calcium signaling, stromal biology and tumor metastatic pathogenic mechanisms.
Fig. 1 (a) Intracellular S100A4 drives CD36-dependent fatty acid metabolism and PPAR-γ signaling to induce M2-like TAM polarization; upregulated PD-L1 and TGF-β secreted by TAMs inhibit anti-tumor T cell function. (b) S100A4 activates macrophage NF-κB cascade via TLR4-Myd88 signaling, triggering pro-inflammatory cytokine release; extracellular S100A4 binds fibroblast RAGE/TLR4 receptors to stimulate collagen deposition and fibrosis.1
The biological functions of S100A4 are focused on EF-hand domain calcium coordination, cytoskeletal effector binding and matrix proteolytic regulation:
Creative Biolabs offers high-quality S100A4 proteins via optimized expression systems, covering full-length S100A4 and isolated EF-hand calcium-binding domain variants. These products retain native calcium-sensing conformation and intrinsic effector binding activity, suitable for calcium-protein interaction, cytoskeletal remodeling and anti-metastatic compound screening. All S100A4 proteins undergo rigorous quality control to guarantee consistent functional performance and reliable application across diverse research platforms.
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Creative Biolabs provides custom engineered S100A4 stable cell lines, including overexpression and gene silencing models. These cell line models are optimized for calcium signaling, migratory stromal phenotype and anti-invasive compound response profiling. Each cell line undergoes strict validation procedures to ensure steady target expression levels and uniform functional performance across multiple experimental scenarios.
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High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting S100A4 are developed with advanced antibody engineering workflows, without cross-reactivity against other S100 calcium-binding family homologs. These antibodies receive multi-scenario functional validation, applicable to protein expression profiling, cytoplasmic/stromal localization detection, calcium-dependent effector binding assessment and metastatic research, enabling precise characterization of S100A4 expression patterns, subcellular distribution and functional modulation under physiological and pathological states.
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Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for S100A4 research:
S100A4 is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein that undergoes calcium-dependent conformational changes to bind cytoskeletal effectors and promote cell migratory and matrix-degrading phenotypes.
S100A4 links intracellular calcium flux to invasive stromal remodeling and tumor spread; elevated expression drives malignant invasion and metastatic progression, establishing it as a vital research target.
No, all S100A4 products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.
Offerings include S100A4 proteins, high-specificity recombinant antibodies and custom stable cell lines for calcium signaling and metastatic tumor research.
S100A4 proteins undergo functional verification via calcium binding affinity assessment, EF-hand domain conformational stability evaluation.