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FOLH1

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Structural characteristics and physiological metabolic functions: Folate hydrolase 1 (FOLH1, also known as PSMA/GCPII) is encoded by the FOLH1 gene; it belongs to the M28‑family type‑II transmembrane glycoprotein peptidase, and is primarily anchored within lipid bilayers of plasma membranes across multiple tissues including intestine, prostate, kidney and nervous system. Distinct from secreted soluble metabolic enzymes, FOLH1 features a short intracellular cytoplasmic tail, a single transmembrane helix and a large extracellular zinc‑dependent catalytic domain, and lacks intracellular kinase‑catalytic structural motifs. As a membrane‑anchored M28 peptidase, FOLH1 exerts glutamate‑carboxypeptidase activity under physiological homeostasis, catalyzing hydrolysis of polyglutamylated dietary folate substrates to generate bio‑available monoglutamyl folate for cellular uptake. When tissues lack sufficient functional FOLH1 peptidase, incomplete folate substrate processing readily occurs and disrupts local folate metabolic balance; FOLH1 provides critical metabolic buffering to sustain steady folate turnover across diverse tissue microenvironments. Multiple tissue compartments generate distinct pools of folate‑derived substrates, requiring properly functioning membrane‑bound peptidase such as FOLH1 to maintain tissue‑level folate metabolic homeostasis. Membrane‑localized FOLH1 continuously engages extracellular peptide‑folate substrates, limiting accumulation of unprocessed substrate intermediates and preserving stable extracellular folate‑metabolism equilibrium.

Variational effects, regulatory mechanisms, and research value: Variants of the FOLH1 gene can alter substrate‑binding affinity and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, correlating with perturbed tissue folate metabolism profiles. No other M28‑family peptidase paralog fully recapitulates FOLH1’s dual capability for polyglutamylated‑folate hydrolysis and neuropeptide substrate processing. Shifts in FOLH1 expression levels closely correlate with tissue folate‑metabolizing status, making it a valuable research target for investigating type‑II transmembrane M28 peptidase function and extracellular folate‑dependent substrate maturation. FOLH1 is stably embedded within plasma‑membrane lipid bilayers and executes extracellular catalytic reactions without triggering persistent intracellular downstream signaling cascades. Its unique transmembrane‑anchored localization differentiates it from soluble cytosolic hydrolases, conferring dual capacity to stabilize tissue folate homeostasis and drive conversion of extracellular folate precursor substrates. Loss or diminished functional FOLH1 elevates accumulation of unhydrolyzed polyglutamylated folate substrates and impairs tissue folate‑metabolic buffering capacity, further highlighting its research significance for fundamental M28‑family transmembrane peptidase studies.

Fig. 1 X ray crystal structure of FOLH1 extracellular domain presenting homodimer assembly, monomer fold and dual zinc catalytic center with substrate analog, for recombinant FOLH1 membrane protein structural research. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 X‑ray crystal structure of FOLH1 extracellular catalytic domain. Left panel shows homodimer assembly; right panel displays monomer unit with bound substrate analog and dual‑zinc catalytic center within M28‑peptidase domain.1

FOLH1 Protein Function: Core Roles in Extracellular Substrate Hydrolysis and Tissue Folate-Metabolism Coordination

The biological functions of transmembrane FOLH1 peptidase protein are focused on sustained extracellular peptide-folate substrate catalysis and tissue folate-metabolism coordination:

  • Broad Substrate Affinity: Might interact with multiple polyglutamylated-folate and neuropeptide-related peptide substrates without triggering consistent intracellular signal cascades. The peptidase processes substrates originating from cell-surface extracellular compartments and expands the scope of surface-associated metabolic regulation within tissue microenvironments.
  • Tissue Folate-Metabolism Regulation: Could moderate accumulated unprocessed substrate levels to ease local extracellular metabolic overload. This regulatory mode prevents drastic substrate-pool fluctuation that disrupt stable tissue physiological conditions.
  • Extracellular Processing Mediator: Appears to facilitate reversible molecular attachment between plasma-membrane-localized peptidase and extracellular peptide-folate substrates. Weak non-covalent enzyme-substrate interactions produce transient molecular contacts detectable via standard laboratory analytical workflows.
  • Extracellular Substrate Gradient Modulation: Shapes local processed-substrate concentration gradients to coordinate overall tissue-level folate-related substrate turnover rates.
  • Research Model Relevance: Sequence variants of FOLH1 may alter peptide-folate substrate processing efficiency within laboratory research systems.

FOLH1 Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers purified FOLH1 membrane samples produced under unified preparation workflows, including full-length FOLH1 constructs and isolated extracellular catalytic domain variants. Truncated extracellular fragments cannot support complete peptide-folate substrate hydrolysis behaviours, while full-length constructs suit research focused on extracellular peptidase catalysis and plasma-membrane anchoring. All batches receive uniform quality screening. Functional relevant observation may only be carried out with full-length samples under simulated membrane microenvironment setups. Consistent structural features are preserved across batches to support comparative laboratory analysis across separate test groups. Full-length FOLH1 samples retain intact zinc-dependent extracellular catalytic-domain conformation after standardized purification, which supports reliable detection of weak and transient enzyme-substrate contacts for comparative functional analysis.

FOLH1 Membrane Protein Product

Not finding the Membrane potein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

FOLH1 Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides adjustable FOLH1 expression cell research models with varied expression levels, applicable to structural observation of type-II transmembrane M28-family peptidases and research into extracellular peptide-folate substrate catalytic interaction. Sample evaluation includes sustained target expression detection and preliminary substrate-interaction observation, enabling side-by-side comparison of enzyme catalytic behaviours under differing expression abundances. These cell systems can pair with diverse laboratory analysis schemes to track changes in substrate-processing efficiency alongside shifting target protein levels.

FOLH1 Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

FOLH1 Recombinant Antibody Product

Anti-FOLH1 recombinant antibodies are generated via standardized protein preparation workflows, compatible with routine laboratory detection techniques for plasma membrane localization mapping and identification of enzyme-substrate molecular complexes. The antibody series can work alongside common laboratory detection reagents to realize multi-dimensional observation of target distribution within metabolic-related tissue samples.

FOLH1 Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Substrate Matching Structural Traits: Retains native extracellular zinc-dependent catalytic-domain features, suited for laboratory observation of peptide-folate substrate and transmembrane peptidase binding interactions.
  • Target Selective Recognition: Might bind distinct structural regions unique to FOLH1, applicable to mechanistic research on M28-family type-II transmembrane peptidase proteins.
  • Folate-Metabolism Research Compatibility: Designed for routine laboratory analysis of regulatory pathways governing extracellular folate-related substrate gradient balance.
  • Full Customization Support: Tailored FOLH1 membrane protein, antibody and cell model development can be arranged to satisfy diversified transmembrane peptidase research demands.

Custom FOLH1 Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for FOLH1 research:

  • Custom FOLH1 Protein Production: Tailored mutant and fluorescent-tagged FOLH1 constructs for dual peptide-folate substrate hydrolysis analysis.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of target-specific FOLH1 antibodies for plasma-membrane localization observation and enzyme-substrate complex detection.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Construction of customized cell systems with tunable FOLH1 expression levels.
  • Functional Assay Development: Custom design of detection workflows for observing peptide-folate substrate and plasma-membrane molecule binding activity.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of FOLH1?

    FOLH1 might act as a type-II transmembrane M28-family peptidase and participate in extracellular hydrolytic processing of polyglutamylated-folate-related peptide substrates.

  2. Why is FOLH1 a significant research target?

    FOLH1 expression status could alter extracellular peptide-folate substrate-processing efficiency and tissue folate-metabolic balance, serving as a major regulatory mediator of tissue folate-related biological processes.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' FOLH1 products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all FOLH1 related products and services are strictly for research use only, and cannot be applied in clinical workflows. All material designs and functional tests are optimized exclusively for basic laboratory research scenarios, without matching clinical application standards.

  4. What types of FOLH1 products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include full-length FOLH1 membrane protein, target-specific recombinant antibodies and tunable expression cell research models, supporting research on cell-surface folate-metabolic homeostasis and extracellular peptide-substrate hydrolysis.

  5. How to observe the catalytic characteristics of FOLH1 samples?

    Laboratory observation schemes may include enzyme-substrate interaction related tests to analyze hydrolytic-associated behaviors under simulated membrane environments.

Reference
  1. Liolios, Christos, et al. "Prodrugs targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen against prostate cancer." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 68.12 (2025): 12296. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02626
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