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TNFRSF18

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

TNF receptor superfamily member 18 (TNFRSF18, GITR) is a transmembrane immune regulatory receptor encoded by TNFRSF18 gene, highly enriched on regulatory T cells and inducible on effector T lymphocytes, localized exclusively to plasma membrane lipid bilayers. Distinct from pro-apoptotic TNF receptor paralogs, TNFRSF18 engages its matching TNF superfamily ligand to recruit intracellular signaling mediators that modulate T cell suppressive capacity and limit overactive effector responses during sustained antigen exposure. Under steady immune conditions, low basal TNFRSF18 expression preserves baseline immune tolerance without full effector suppression. Upon persistent inflammatory stimulation, ligand-receptor crosslinking stabilizes regulatory T cell functional programs and restrains excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine release to promote tissue inflammatory resolution. Unlike broadly expressed TNF receptors with dual apoptotic roles, TNFRSF18 carries T cell-specific tolerogenic regulatory functions that cannot be fully substituted by other superfamily receptors, linking ligand recognition to peripheral immune tolerance pathways. Loss of functional TNFRSF18 weakens regulatory T cell suppressive activity and exacerbates autoimmune tissue inflammation, while sustained receptor ligation stabilizes immune tolerance states, establishing TNFRSF18 as a core research target for TNF receptor immunobiology and tolerance-inducing modulator screening.

TNFRSF18 executes tolerogenic immune receptor function embedded within T cell surface bilayers, utilizing conserved extracellular cysteine-rich domains to selectively bind its cognate TNF superfamily ligand. Conserved ligand-binding architecture separates its binding profile from apoptotic TNF receptors widely distributed across somatic cells. TNFRSF18-mediated signal transduction bridges extracellular ligand stimulation and intracellular regulatory T cell transcriptional programs, balancing effector immune response magnitude relative to persistent antigen load. TNFRSF18 participates in peripheral tolerance maintenance, autoimmune tissue inflammation control and memory T cell homeostasis. Deficient TNFRSF18 expression disrupts regulatory T cell suppressive signaling and impairs systemic inflammatory resolution capacity. Therefore, TNFRSF18 represents a pivotal research target for TNF superfamily tolerogenic receptor study and anti-autoimmune compound screening.

Fig. 1 Integrated structural & functional master diagram for TNFRSF18 co-stimulatory receptor, covering protein domain architecture, superfamily classification and multi-cell immune response outputs. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Full schematic of TNFRSF18 (GITR): TNFR superfamily classification, extracellular CRD domain topology of GITR/GITRL, and comprehensive cellular functional network across Treg, effector T, DC, NK, macrophage and endothelial cells under GITRL stimulation.1

TNFRSF18 Protein Function: Core Roles in Tolerogenic Ligand Recognition and T Cell Immune Tuning

The biological functions of TNFRSF18 are focused on specific TNF ligand binding, regulatory signal transduction and peripheral tolerance control:

  • Cognate TNF Ligand Recognition: Interacts with dedicated membrane and soluble TNF superfamily ligand via extracellular receptor domains.
  • Regulatory T Cell Stabilization: Transmits intracellular signals sustaining the suppressive functional phenotype of regulatory lymphocytes.
  • Baseline Immune Tolerance: Maintains low-level receptor expression to preserve resting peripheral immune equilibrium.
  • Inflammatory Resolution Modulation: Restrains exaggerated effector T cell cytokine release during chronic antigen stimulation.
  • Disease Relevance: TNFRSF18 loss exacerbates autoimmune inflammation, while sustained receptor signaling enforces tissue immune tolerance.

TNFRSF18 Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers high-quality TNFRSF18/GITR proteins, including full-length receptors and isolated extracellular domains. Extracellular-domain constructs are suitable for GITRL binding, antibody, and structural studies, while receptor signaling should be evaluated using full-length GITR in cell-based models under defined TCR co-stimulation conditions. All proteins undergo appropriate quality control to support reliable research use.

TNFRSF18 Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

TNFRSF18 Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides custom-engineered TNFRSF18 stable cell lines, including overexpression and blank control models. These cell lines are optimized for tolerogenic receptor expression profiling and regulatory T cell signal functional analysis. Each cell line undergoes stringent validation to ensure stable expression profiles and consistent functional performance in diverse experimental contexts.

TNFRSF18 Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

TNFRSF18 Recombinant Antibody Product

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting TNFRSF18 are developed via advanced antibody engineering technologies. These antibodies are validated for T cell plasma membrane localization detection and lymphoid tissue expression profiling, and can be combined with matching ligand detection reagents to analyze complete tolerogenic receptor-ligand complexes in primary T cell models.

TNFRSF18 Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native Ligand Binding Activity: Preserves intact cognate TNF ligand recognition capacity for T cell tolerance research.
  • TNF Receptor Isoform Specificity: Eliminates non-specific cross-recognition of unrelated TNF superfamily receptors.
  • Tolerance Immunology Compatibility: Optimized reagent series for regulatory T cell signaling and anti-autoimmune therapeutic screening workflows.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Facilitates end-to-end development of customized proteins, antibodies and stable cell lines to address tolerogenic TNF receptor research demands.

Custom TNFRSF18 Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for TNFRSF18 research:

  • Custom TNFRSF18 Protein Production: Tailored expression of mutant and tagged TNFRSF18 constructs for receptor-ligand binding interaction analysis.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of TNFRSF18-specific antibodies for T cell plasma membrane immunostaining in lymphoid cell populations.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Construction of TNFRSF18-modified cell models for regulatory T cell tolerogenic signaling research.
  • Functional Assay Development: Custom design of ligand binding and suppressive cytokine detection workflows.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of TNFRSF18?

    TNFRSF18 is a T cell-restricted TNF receptor that binds its cognate ligand to stabilize regulatory T cell suppressive function and limit chronic inflammation.

  2. Why is TNFRSF18 a significant research target?

    TNFRSF18 acts as a critical link between extracellular ligand stimulation and peripheral immune tolerance, restraining autoimmune inflammatory responses.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' TNFRSF18 products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all TNFRSF18 products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of TNFRSF18 products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include full-length TNFRSF18 membrane receptors, isoform-specific detection antibodies and custom stable cell lines for T cell tolerance research.

  5. How are TNFRSF18 proteins validated for activity?

    TNFRSF18 proteins are validated via cognate TNF superfamily ligand binding functional testing.

Reference
  1. Papadakos, Stavros P., et al. "Exploring the role of GITR/GITRL signaling: from liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma." Cancers 16.14 (2024): 2609. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142609
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