ABCA8 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of ABCA8

ABCA8 encoded by ABCA8 gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters which transport various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes. There are seven subfamilies in ABC superfamily named as ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White, respectively. ABCA8 protein with a classical full-transporter structure belongs to ABC1 subfamily. It is predicted to have 14 membrane-spanning segments and two ATP-binding sites.

Function of ABCA8 Membrane Protein

ABCA8 is a little-known member of ABC1 family which transport lipids across cellular membranes. It is reported that ABCA8 is expressed in multiple regions of adult human brains with a spatial specificity. The ABCA8 expression in oligodendrocyte-enriched white matter regions is significantly higher than the grey matter cortical regions. Further study shows that ABCA8 in oligodendrocytes can significantly promote the of sphingomyelin synthase 1 expression and increase sphingomyelin production. Moreover, the ABCA8 expression in the prefrontal cortex is strongly associated with age-associated myelination and the myelinating gene p25α is significantly increased with ABCA8. Besides, the aberrant ABCA8 expression may play a role in the early pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, through influencing myelin stability and regulation of synuclein and p25. In addition, it has been revealed that ABCA8 functions as an ATPase-dependent drug transport protein. Its specific substrates are very close to the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2; ABCC2) such as [14C] estradiol-β-glucuronide, taurocholate, and LTC4, and organic anion transporter (OAT), such as para-aminohippuric acid, ochratoxin-A.

Fig.1 Visual overview of cholesterol transport and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol formation. (Triguerosmotos, 2017)

Application of ABCA8 Membrane Protein in Literature

1. Sasaki K., et al. ATP-binding cassette transporter A subfamily 8 is a sinusoidal efflux transporter for cholesterol and taurocholate in mouse and human liver. Mol Pharm. 2018, 15(2): 343-355. PubMed ID: 29300488
   
   

   The study indicates that ABCA8 serves as a sinusoidal efflux transporter for at least taurocholate and cholesterol in human liver and mouse.

2. Triguerosmotos L., et al. ABCA8 regulates cholesterol efflux and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis & Vascular Biology. 2017, 37(11): 2147-2155. PubMed ID: 28882873
   
   

   The study shows that ABCA8 plays an essential role in the regulation of cholesterol efflux and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

3. Tan W.J., et al. A five-gene reverse transcription-PCR assay for pre-operative classification of breast fibroepithelial lesions. Breast Cancer Research. 2016, 18(1): 31. PubMed ID: 26961242
   
   

   The study proposes a valuable tool for classifying breast fibroepithelial lesions into fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumors by analyzing five-gene transcript set (ABCA8, APOD, CCL19, FN1, and PRAME).

4. Demidenko R., et al. Frequent down-regulation of ABC transporter genes in prostate cancer. Bmc Cancer. 2015, 15(1):683. PubMed ID: 26459268
   
   

   The study reveals that the expression of ABCA8, ABCB1, ABCC6, ABCC9, ABCC10, ABCD2, ABCG2, and ABCG4 is significantly decreased in prostate cancer (PCa) compared to noncancerous prostate tissues (NPT).

5. Uchida Y., et al. Quantitative targeted absolute proteomics of rat blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier transporters: comparison with a human specimen. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2015, 134(6): 1104-1115. PubMed ID: 25951748
   
   

   The study first identifies the protein expressions of some transporters such as MATE1 and ABCA8 in the plasma membrane fractions of rat and human choroid plexuses.

ABCA8 Preparation Options

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Reference

1. Triguerosmotos L, et al. (2017). ABCA8 regulates cholesterol efflux and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis & Vascular Biology. 37(11), 2147-55.

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