CATSPERB Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of CATSPERB

CATSPERB, a novel transmembrane protein in the CatSper1 complex, was identified from data base searches and reverse transcription PCR. CATSPERB contains two clear transmembrane domains (6-22 of the NH₂ terminus, and 1060-1076 at the end of the COOH domain). A large extracellular domain (∼1000 amino acids) precedes the carboxyl terminal transmembrane segment. The predicted mouse intracellular carboxyl terminus is only 27 amino acids in length. Eight N-glycosylation sites are predicted in the polypeptide. The overall 2-TM topology is reminiscent of that of the large conductance K⁺ channel (BK) β subunits and the P2X receptor (ATP-gated channel), but CATSPERB (∼126 kDa) is significantly larger (BK β subunits <30 kDa).

Basic Information of CATSPERB
Protein Name	Cation channel sperm-associated protein subunit beta
Gene Name	CATSPERB
Aliases	CatSper-beta
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q9H7T0
Transmembrane Times	4
Length (aa)	1,116
Sequence	MESPLIYVSVLLLNIFEFSSGIVYNKDDTEKRFACSNKGFPQENEIIKLYLFLENLKIQCFFQTENEIASKAMLSVFTSGGLAPSLGIMNSTYNGIFHFNLTLFSDRILWLVDIPRENITQSTDIAAVEEWLVRITLHHGLNIYATEGTLLDVIREPILQWTPGDVIPESEISKLYPHVVDLKVTKCPCANDVALLGFIVDTIVDGVYIGITFGGFWHDYDTTWFNMTQTIYSQLQEEYEDLSLVDMVLTNHFLVILTSLGLFVSEDLRYPSRHSLSFSRADFCGFERVDYVKGKLWYNERCFANREHFEVDYVTVTFERNRTLSESSSCFYSQEPFLEWVPCLPHIFKGIKIFPTVLTFLVDQERGTGVYLFYNKVRKTAIASVSTLRNNEPNSQSKFPIFRFPSSFSSPVGMVFHPRSHFLYAYGNQIWLSVDGGNTFQLIANFHDDIIKKTFHSFYTSAITFVSQRGKVYSTKAGMGRYSAVGSVTERIFTLYYDHLGFLHKLTLGRFEASGPPTAFGNSRNLFGQPPDMGFETALAPQHTSLDEIIFFAYVPENEPQETIYSKKFGNIHYGKVIHSGKTGRAYIRKVLQHTTPKGFLSSVIAEMKEPFGLEEVNESSCLSSSLLINKAGNVYKLTLDSQVVQALFEDTDIEKTVVLPGYSSFLITSILDNKNALAIATMPESAPNNMTFLKSTWFLYNFGQRNGRTWKIYSKPCNYWFQHDDSPSLNIVKYIDLGNSYVLKAKVIRNAKGFRMLEIPLLTVFVGNPNLLEVTAEVTFDDTDSYVITISAASKVLHQGSTSLAFIMWSASTECFVTTMVPTLKSSCSYLRSMHHIPSKFIPFEDWISGVHKDSQGFNLIKTLPINYRPPSNMGIAIPLTDNFYHADPSKPIPRNMFHMSKKTGKFKQCANVSTREECNCTKDQKFSHAVAFSDCREKVPRFKFPITQYPVSLEIINEDGRVPLQSPYLVTVTEVNMRHNWKLKHTVPENIKRMKQLVEPILGAAVYNPSGLNLSIKGSELFHFRVTVISGVTFCNLIEEFQIYVDEAPLPFPGHTLIAVATAVVLGGLIFIAFMFQLQGIHPWRTFQRWIRRNQEKFSSISLSELIHRSKSEE

Function of CATSPERB Membrane Protein

Four CatSper ion channel subunit genes (CatSpers1-4) are required for sperm cell hyperactivation and male fertility. The four proteins assemble (presumably as a tetramer) to form a sperm-specific, alkalinization-activated Ca²⁺-selective channel. Like the CatSper ion channel subunits, CATSPERB is restricted to testis and localized to the principal piece of the sperm tail. CATSPERB protein is absent in CatSper1(^-/-) sperm, suggesting that it is required for trafficking or formation of a stable channel complex. CATSPERB is the first identified auxiliary protein to the CatSper channel.

CATSPERB Membrane Protein Introduction Fig.1 A model depicting the composition of CATSPER channel complex and the putative membrane topology for CATSPERs (CATSPER1-4), CATSPERB and CATSPERG. (Wang, 2009)

Application of CATSPERB Membrane Protein in Literature

Liu J., et al. CatSperbeta, a novel transmembrane protein in the CatSper channel complex. J Biol Chem. 2007, 282(26):18945-18952. PubMed ID: 24969054

In this article the authors predict that the CatSperβ protein has a large extracellular fragment (∼1000 amino acids) with several putative N-glycosylation sites, and they speculate that these extracellular domains could be “sensors” for sperm interactions with other cell types or surfaces.
Zhao Y., et al. Relationship between CATSPERB, NR5A2 gene polymorphisms and Peak Bone Mineral Density in College Students in China. Iran J Public Health. 2014, 43(8):1060-9. PubMed ID: 25927035

This study demonstrated that the polymorphisms of the CATSPERB (rs1298989) and NR5A2 (rs3762397) are associated with Peak bone mineral density (PBMD) both in Han and Uyghur subjects. PBMD, in Xinjiang, appears to be associated with several known factors that are well described in the literature. While the genotypes of CATSPERB and NR5A2 do not appear have a strong effect on the PBMD.
Cai X and Clapham D.E. Evolutionary genomics reveals lineage-specific gene loss and rapid evolution of a sperm-specific ion channel complex: CatSpers and CatSperbeta. PLoS One. 2008, 3(10):e3569. PubMed ID: 18974790

This article has carried out a comprehensive evolutionary genomics study of CatSper and CatSperβ proteins that constitutes the Ca²⁺ channel complex critical for sperm Ca²⁺ hyperactivation in mammals. With continued advances in genome biology, the evolutionary genomics approaches undertaken here will further illuminate the lineage-specific distribution of Ca²⁺ channels and transporters at the genomic scale and greatly facilitate deciphering the Ca²⁺ signaling codes in a species- and/or tissue-specific manner.

CATSPERB Preparation Options

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Reference

Wang H, et al. (2009). A novel, single, transmembrane protein CATSPERG is associated with CATSPER1 channel protein. Biol Reprod. 81(3), 539-544.

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