Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Vaccines
Creative Biolabs is a world leader in the field of cancer vaccine development. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we are therefore confident in offering the best services for vaccine development against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and guarantee the finest results for our customers all over the world.
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), also known as squamous-cell skin cancer, is a common skin cancer, with rising incidence rates particularly in western countries. However, despite the high incidence, population-based data on cSCC incidence, survival, and mortality are rather sparse. Clinically, cSCC presents initially as an asymptomatic plaque or nodule that enlarges over time; it then becomes crateriform (“keratoacanthoma like”), botryomycotic, or ulcerated. Patients may also present with a flat ulcer segregated by a raised border. Predilection sites of cSCC are the chronically UV-exposed areas, that is, the lower lip, ear, nose, cheek, and the dorsum of the hands. Tumor margins may extend beyond the visible borders of the lesion. SCCs can infiltrate through fascia, periostea, perichondria, and neural sheaths.
Although its general prognosis is excellent with a cure rate of primary cutaneous SCC by surgery exceeding 95%, approximately 4% of cases develop nodal metastases and 1.5% die from the disease, which corresponds to about 6,750 annual deaths from cSCC in the United States. Risk factors for an aggressive clinical course are diameter larger than 2 cm, depth beyond the dermis, immunosuppression, poor differentiation, and perineural invasion. Notably, local recurrence is associated with an impaired prognosis, that is, recurrent cSCC is characterized by an increased rate of metastasis as high as 30%.
HPV Vaccines for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cutaneous papillomaviruses are associated with specific skin diseases, such as extensive wart formation and the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), especially in immunosuppressed patients. The NMSC includes basal cell carcinoma (approximately 80% of cases), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, approximately 20% of cases), and other less frequent entities of NMSC. Current researches show cumulative evidence that some skin HPV infections may be a factor in the development of NMSC, especially SCC. Hence, clinical approaches are required that prevent such lesions. Licensed HPV vaccines confer type-restricted protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18, responsible of 90% of genital warts and 70% of cervical cancers, respectively. Over the past few years, several studies explored the potential of developing vaccines targeting SCC. These vaccines showed to be immunogenic and prevent SCC formation in certain animal models. Furthermore, under conditions mimicking the ones found in the intended target population (i.e., immunosuppression and in the presence of an already established infection before vaccination), recent preclinical data shows that immunization can still be effective. [1]
Creative Biolabs is a leader in the field of vaccine development and has focused on the cancer vaccines for years. We have experts who are able to help you with the cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma vaccine development. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details.
Reference
- Vinzón, SE. (2015). “HPV vaccination for prevention of skin cancer.” Hum Vaccin Immunother 1 (2), 353-357.
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