Vaccines for Type 1 Diabetes

Creative Biolabs is a leading global pharmaceutical company which focuses on the field of vaccine development. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we have successfully accomplished many projects in autoimmune disease vaccine development services for type 1 diabetes. We guarantee the finest results for our customers all over the world.

Background of Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Lack of insulin production can lead to aberrant glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia, and ketoacidosis. In addition, poorly managed blood glucose levels can cause life-threatening complications, including cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Although genetic and environmental factors are thought to contribute to the development of T1D, abnormal autoimmune responses are considered to be the main cause of T1D initiation and progression. In particular, islet-specific autoantigen recognition T cells are thought to play a key role in this disease.

Vaccines for Type 1 Diabetes

Although non-specific immunosuppression has had some success in delaying type 1 diabetes progression, the significant short- and long-term toxicity of existing agents has hampered their widespread use. Vaccines offer many advantages over nonspecific immunosuppression, including being more specific, well tolerated, and requiring infrequent administration. Therefore, vaccines against type 1 diabetes are becoming more and more attractive in the treatment of T1D.

Antigen-specific Vaccines

The core of the onset and progression of T1D is the loss of tolerance to specific autoantigens, leading to immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing cells. Therefore, a promising approach is to vaccinate with diabetes autoantigen, which can inhibit destructive islet-specific responses and induce regulatory responses. Many diabetes autoantigens have been identified, such as proinsulin, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65), islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase, chromogranin A, and islet amyloid polypeptide. Among the most studied are proinsulin and GAD65, both of which are very effective in reversing and preventing diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D.

Altered Peptide Ligands Vaccines

Altered peptide ligands (APL) are MHC-presented, autoantigen-related peptide fragments that have been modified by introducing one to few amino acid substitutions while retaining the MHC binding property. APL partially activate the responding autoreactive T cells and induce antigen-specific Th2 T cell responses that may suppress disease activity. A novel immunological intervention trial for the prevention of type 1 diabetes suggests administration of GAD, insulin or insulin fragments to induce tolerance. An altered peptide ligand of the insulin B chain (B9-23 APL) has been proposed for use in intervention trials. T cells from patients with T1D and prediabetic individuals proliferate in response to B9-23 APL and administration of the B9-23 APL vaccine can delay or prevent T1D.

Altered Peptide Ligand (APL) Vaccines

Peptide-based vaccine therapy is that by parenteral administration, the peptide will bind to MHC molecules and alter the immune response. Inoculation with critical peptides from MHC or TCR molecular sequences that are shared by most affected individuals can produce blocking antibodies that prevent autoantigen peptide presentation and TCR responses and may suppress disease activity.

Our Services for Type 1 Diabetes Vaccine

With a variety of mature and comprehensive platforms and technologies for the evaluation and improvement of vaccine development, our platform is dedicated to providing the best solutions and protocols customized to vaccines development for T1D. Our service has the following characteristics:

• Help develop vaccines with the appropriate immune response
• Provide specialized vaccine development designs and solutions based on customer needs
• Evaluation and data analysis of candidate vaccine immune effects

Creative Biolabs is pleased to share our cutting-edge technology and extensive expertise in the field of vaccine development. We can provide high-quality customized services for autoimmune disease vaccine by adjusting protocols to meet even the most specific requirements. If you want to know more services, please contact us as soon as possible.

All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.