Neuroblastoma Vaccines

Creative Biolabs is a world leader in the field of cancer vaccine development. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we are therefore confident in offering the best services for vaccine development against neuroblastoma and guarantee the finest results for our customers all over the world.

Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma is the third most common cancer in childhood, following leukemia and brain tumor, with an incidence of 10.2 cases per million children younger than 15 years. It is the most common cancer during the first year of life, accounting for more than 20% of malignancies. Neuroblastoma is an embryonal tumor arising from neural-crest progenitor cells of the sympathetic nervous system, typically in the adrenal medulla or paraspinal ganglia. The clinical entity called neuroblastoma is heterogeneous in its seed (tumor), but increasingly apparent also in its soil (immune system). Despite widespread disease at diagnosis, neuroblastoma in infants (stage 4S) can regress without any treatment. Many have speculated that because 4S neuroblastomas develop in utero, fetal circulating neuroblastoma cells may cross the placenta to sensitize the maternal immune system. However, only immunoglobulin M (IgM) protective antibodies have so far been reported among mothers, an antibody class consistent with low immunogenicity of these tumors and short immunological exposure during the gestational period. In adults, neuroblastoma characteristically has an indolent clinical behavior, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are more abundant than in neuroblastomas arising in adolescents or preadolescents, suggesting an age-dependent immune response that could modulate the tempo of tumor progression.

Therapeutic Vaccines for Neuroblastoma

When autologous tumor cells are genetically modified to secrete IL-2, autologous tumor cell vaccines are proven safe when administered to neuroblastoma patients in remission. These vaccines stimulated tumor-specific responses among both Th1 and Th2 T cells. Gene-modified allogeneic neuroblastoma tumor cells secreting IL-2 or lymphotoxin have also been tested in a phase I/II trial. Because MHC is downregulated on neuroblastoma cells, T cell immunity activated by these vaccines tends to be weak. To increase immunogenicity, dendritic cell vaccines targeting cancer testis (CT) antigens, such as MAGEA1, MAGE-A3, and NY-ESO-1, have been tested in combination with decitabine, a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation that could upregulate expression of CT antigens. Additionally, gangliosides conjugated to keyhole limpet hemacyanin (KLH) are being tested on neuroblastoma associated antigens GD2 and GD3. When administered in combination with an immune adjuvant OPT-821 plus oral β-glucan, OS was promising, with no major toxicities among a small cohort of patients with metastatic neuroblastoma in greater than or equal to second remission after heavy prior treatment. β-glucan can stimulate phagocytosis, degranulation, and cytotoxicity of leukocytes by binding to a complement receptor CD11b (CR3). This study has since been expanded to include a much larger patient cohort.

Our Neuroblastoma Vaccine Platforms

Targeted antigens Creative Biolabs is developing includes:

• Tumor cell lysate
• Autologous tumor cells
• GD2 (ganglioside)
• Tumor-derived RNA
• GM2, GD2L and GD3L (glycosphingolipids)

Creative Biolabs is a leader in the field of vaccine development and has focused on the cancer vaccines for years. We have experts who are able to help you with the development of the neuroblastoma vaccines. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details.

All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.