Bacterial Vaccines
Creative Biolabs can offer high-quality Bacterial Vaccines for use in bacterial diseases. Bacterial Vaccines contain attenuated or killed bacteria that activate the immune system. For Bacterial Vaccines, a pathogen strain is cultured and inactivated to produce a “whole-cell” vaccine (e.g., Bordetella pertussiss), an attenuated bacterium is used (BCG), or pathogen bacterial strains is cultured to produce inactivated and purified toxins or virulence factors (Clostridium tetani, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, B. pertussis).
Bacterial diseases can be prevented by using vaccination that induce active immunity. Active immunity can be induced by vaccines prepared from bacteria or their products. Table 1 presents a summary of the types of current bacterial vaccines.
Table 1. Current Bacterial Vaccines.
| Usage | Bacterium | Disease | Antigen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common usage | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Diphtheria | Toxoid |
| Clostridium tetani | Tetanus | Toxoid | |
| Bordetella pertussis | Whooping cough | Acellular (purified proteins) or killed organisms | |
| Haemophilus influenzae | Meningitis | Capsular polysaccharide conjugated to carrier protein | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Pneumonia | Capsular polysaccharide or capsular polysaccharide conjugated to carrier protein | |
| Neisseria meningitidis | Meningitis | Capsular polysaccharide or capsular polysaccharide conjugated to a carrier protein | |
| Special situations | Salmonella typhi | Typhoid fever | Live organisms or capsular polysaccharide |
| Vibrio cholerae | Cholera | Killed organisms | |
| Yersinia pestis | Plague | Killed organisms | |
| Bacillus anthracis | Anthrax | Partially purified proteins | |
| Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) | Tuberculosis | Live organisms | |
| Francisella tularensis | Tularemia | Live organisms | |
| Rickettsia prowazekii | Typhus | Killed organisms | |
| Coxiella burnetii | Q fever | Killed organisms |
Bacterial vaccines are composed of (1) whole bacteria (either killed or live, attenuated), bacterial capsular polysaccharides, toxoids, or (2) purified proteins isolated from bacteria.
Killed Bacterial Vaccines
The vaccines against cholera, plague, typhus, and Q fever contain whole killed bacteria. These vaccines are used only to protect those likely to be exposed.
Live, Attenuated Bacterial Vaccines
The BCG vaccine against tuberculosis contains live, attenuated Mycobacterium bovis and is used in countries where the disease is endemic. One of the vaccines against typhoid fever contains live, attenuated S. typhi.
Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccines
Vaccines containing capsular polysaccharide as the immunogen are directed against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Salmonella typhi. The capsular polysaccharide in the pneumococcal vaccine, the meningococcal vaccine, and the H. influenzae vaccine is conjugated to a carrier protein to enhance the antibody response.
Toxoid Vaccines
Two vaccines contain toxoids as the immunogen, the vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus. A toxoid is an inactivated toxin that has lost its ability to cause disease but has retained its immunogenicity. (The pertussis vaccine also contains toxoid but contains other bacterial proteins as well.)
Purified Protein Vaccines
Two vaccines contain purified bacterial proteins as the immunogen. The most commonly used is the acellular pertussis vaccine, which in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids is recommended for all children. The vaccine against anthrax also contains purified proteins but is recommended only for individuals who are likely to be exposed to the organism.
Creative Biolabs is a world leader in vaccine services and provides different kinds of vaccines to meet different customer's demand. We offer a full range of Bacterial Vaccines including killed or live bacterial vaccines, Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccines, Toxoid Vaccines, and Purified Protein Vaccines. Welcome enquiry!
All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.
