Vaccines for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is quite clinically challenging due to a lack of specific medication or side effects of the therapies, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. Recently, the vaccine against SLE has achieved encouraging results and is expected to be an effective treatment for SLE. Creative Biolabs is a world leader in the field of vaccine development. With our extensive experience and advanced platform, we are therefore confident in offering the best vaccine development services for SLE.

Introduction of Systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of complex etiology, involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The disease is characterized by deregulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, production of autoantibodies, and tissue damage resulting from chronic inflammation. It affects multiple organs, including joints, tendons, and other connective tissues, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, and hematopoietic system and nervous systems. Because of immune complex deposition and vascular lesions, SLE can affect any organ and tissue of the human body. As a complex multifactorial disease, its precis etiopathogenetic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.

Etiology of Systemic lupus erythematosus

The etiology of SLE is multifactorial and no one single factor can be held responsible for the onset of the exacerbation of the disease. The main etiology of SLE includes genetic and environmental factors (Fig 2). Genetic factors contribute to SLE pathogenesis, evidenced by epidemiological studies which identified a higher incidence of disease in monozygotic twins (24-69%), compared to dizygotic twins (2-5%). But not all siblings from affected monozygotic twins suffer from the disease, so environmental factors must play an important role in the pathogenesis of lupus. Some possible environmental risk factors have already been identified. For example, hormones and ultraviolet light are considered as environmental risk factors for SLE.

Fig 2 The potential autoantigens and risk factors (both genetic and environmental) of systemic lupus erythematosus. TNF-ɑ: tumor necrosis factor; LT-ɑ: Lymphotoxin-ɑ. (Zhang, 2018)

Vaccines for Systemic lupus erythematosus

• T cell vaccine

The T cell vaccine (TCV) for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is produced by isolating autoantigen-specific T cell clones from the prospective recipient and re-injecting the isolated cells as a vaccine to generate an immune response against the pathogenic autoreactive T cells after attenuation / inactivation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoreactive T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Autoreactive T cells are critical in the generation of sustained effector B cells which produce autoantibodies mediating systemic autoimmunity in mice and human SLE. Autoreactive T cells may play a pivotal role in the autoimmune initiation and persistence of both mouse models of lupus and human SLE. Inhibition of autoreactive T cells can reduce the severity of the disease and delay the onset of lupus nephritis, as well as prolong the survival of lupus mice. Therefore, the depletion of autoreactive T cells may be a therapeutic approach in patients with SLE. Vaccines based on T cell have the following advantages: i) safe and effective; ii) well-tolerated; iii) no side effects and could be applied despite the autoantigens are unknown.

• Peptide-based vaccines

One of the most precise selections of vaccine components exists in epitope-based peptide vaccines where the peptide should mimic the naturally processed epitope to serve as tolerogens in autoimmune diseases. In a mouse model of lupus, it is shown that treatment with the nucleosomal histone peptide H4_16-39 can suppress autoreactive T- and B-cells, thereby delaying the development of spontaneous lupus nephritis and having great potential in the treatment of SLE.

Our Services for Systemic lupus erythematosus Vaccine

With a variety of mature and comprehensive platforms and technologies for the evaluation and improvement of vaccine development, our platform is dedicated to providing the best solutions and protocols customized to vaccines development for SLE. Our service has the following characteristics:

• Help develop vaccines with the appropriate immune response
• Provide specialized vaccine development designs and solutions based on customer needs
• Evaluation and data analysis of candidate vaccine immune effects

Creative Biolabs is pleased to share our cutting-edge technology and extensive expertise in the field of vaccine development and has focused on the autoimmune disease vaccines for years. We can offer high-quality customized services by adjusting protocols to meet even the most specific requirements. If you need help with this, please contact us for more details.

Reference

1. Zhang N and Nandakumar K S. Recent advances in the development of vaccines for chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Vaccine. 2018, 36(23): 3208-3220.

All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.