Hybridoma Isotype Identification and Switching Service

Isotyping involves determining the class and subclass of a monoclonal antibody (mAb). It is most easily accomplished with commercial, ready-to-use antibody isotyping kits. Creative Biolabs provides world-class packaging services for hybridoma isotype Identification and switching. Our state-of-the-art facilities and highly experienced staff are dedicated to assisting in all areas of antibody design and production.

Isotype Identification

The immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype (class) is encoded by the constant region of the Ig gene which forms the Fc portion of an antibody. The function of specific isotype antibody determines via the specific binding to Fc receptor molecules on different immune effector cells. Different isotype expression reflects the different maturation stage of a B cell. IgM and IgD isotypes are expressed by Naive B cells with unmutated variable genes following alternative splicing. Expression of other antibody isotypes (Human: IgG1-4, IgA1-2, IgE) depends on a process of class-switch recombination (CSR) after antigen exposure.

CSR is a biological feature of the humoral immune response that changes a B cell's production of Ig from one type to another, such as a switch from IgM to the isotype IgG follows first exposure to an antigen during the immunization. During this process, the constant region of the antibody heavy chain is changed, but the variable region of the heavy chain retains the same. Class switching does not alter antigen specificity. Instead, the antibody maintains affinity for the same antigens but can interact with different effector molecules.

Fig.1 Rearranged the mouse IgH locus.¹

Isotype Switching

Creative Biolabs provides isotype identification and switch among the five main Ig classes, in which IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 have been used as engineering therapeutic antibodies. More recently, IgA, IgM, and IgE have been used to adjust the recombinant molecules better to the targeted application (e.g. regarding half-life, effector functions). Notably, we can produce chimeric antibodies with different Fc domains using our unique cloning cassettes for all antibody classes and subclasses of the human (IgA, IgD, IgM, IgE, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4) and mouse (IgA, IgD, IgM, IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3) species.

Cloning Vectors Available:

Species	Heavy Chain	Light Chain
Human	IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4	Igκ, Igλ2
Mouse	IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3	Igκ, Igλ1, Igλ2
Rabbit	IgG1	Igκ1, Igκ2, Igλ
Rat	IgG2b	Igκ, Igλ

As one of the most competitive biotechnology companies in the world, Creative Biolabs has extensive expertise and experience to provide you with custom hybridoma and recombinant antibody development services. Our services are tailored for each project to ensure that the objectives are met or exceeded. For more information, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.

Reference

Dauba, Audrey, and Ahmed Amine Khamlichi. "Long-range control of class switch recombination by transcriptional regulatory elements." Frontiers in Immunology 12 (2021): 738216.

All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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