Plasmodium

Plasmodium is a single-celled organism that is a parasite that can be parasitized in vertebrates and insects. Plasmodium develops in blood-sucking insects and is injected into vertebrates as the insects ingest the blood of vertebrates. Before entering the bloodstream to infect red blood cells, the Plasmodium usually colonizes the liver of the host, and the disease caused by the destruction of red blood cells is malaria. At present, more than 200 species of Plasmodium have been identified and distributed all over the world. The insect hosts are mainly mosquitoes, and the vertebrate hosts include birds, reptiles and mammals. Plasmodium that infect humans are usually P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. knowlesi, and P. falciparum is the most deadly one, causing hundreds of death cases every year. Despite the development of a variety of drugs for the treatment of Plasmodium infections, Plasmodium has developed resistance to these drugs.

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