Vaccines for Bacteria from Rickettsia Family
Empowered by leading technology and years of experience in biomedical science, Creative Biolabs offers multiple types of vaccine development service that includes traditional vaccines and novel vaccines. As a service provider, our goal is to provide the highest level of service, confidentiality, and customer support.
Rickettsia Family
The genus Rickettsia comprises a group of genetically closely related, small (0.3-1.0 µm) obligately intracellular bacteria that are present in the cytosol of the host cells and in an arthropod host as a part of the ecologic niche. There are four Rickettsia species that frequently cause incapacitating, life-threatening illness: Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, and Rickettsia typhi. Because low-dose and stable small-particle aerosol infections can cause serious diseases which is difficult to diagnose in time and the usual empirical treatment is ineffective, they are considered to be biological weapons with serious threats. Recovery from a rickettsial infection produces very strong long-lasting protective immunity against subsequent reinfection. Therefore, it is very possible to develop a vaccine against the rickettsial disease.
Vaccines for Rickettsia prowazekii
Rickettsia prowazekii (R. prowazekii), the causative agent of epidemic typhus, is an obligately intracytoplasmic bacterium. The epidemic typhus is usually spread by rubbing the infected body lice or its stool into the skin. Infection can also occur by inhalation or mucosal inoculation of the aerosol form of the bacteria. R. prowazekii is listed as a category B select agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the United States because of its high mortality, history of development as a bioweapon, transmissibility by aerosol, longer infectious stability in louse feces. Recovery from a rickettsial infection confers very strong longlasting protective immunity against subsequent reinfection. The attenuated Madrid E (E) strain of R. prowazekii has been used as a live vaccine and proved to provide good protection, but there are some drawbacks. Thus, it is very possible to develop a vaccine against epidemic typhus which plays a pivotal role in the prevention and control of the disease.
Vaccines for Rickettsia typhi
Murine typhus is one of the most prevalent rickettsial infections in the world, caused by the Rickettsia typhi (R. typhi) which belongs to bacterial genus Rickettsia. R. typhi can be transmitted to the mammalian host by the bite of an infected flea or louse, the more important mechanism of transmission is by inoculation of feces from the vector. Infection with R. typhi causes fever, headache, and myalgia. If not treated in time, it will lead to disseminated multisystem diseases including infection of the brain, lung, liver, interstitial myocarditis, and nephritis, etc. The lack of specific diagnostic tests often leads to misdiagnosis and delays in proper treatment, and vaccination plays an important role in preventing the disease. Some inactivated vaccines and live vaccines for typhus have made some progress, but their application is greatly limited due to some defects. The outer membrane protein B of the R. typhi can elicit strong cellular and humoral immune responses in laboratory animals and is, therefore, a candidate for the new typhi vaccine.
Vaccines for Orientia tsutsugamushi
The obligate intracellular bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) is the causative agent of scrub typhus in humans, a serious mite-borne disease found in a wide range of endemic areas, affecting approximately one million people each year. The disease shows a broad range of manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal diseases, with the latter being due to disseminated endothelial cell infection and organ damage. Multiple occurrences of the scrub typhus in different areas of the world bring forth the need for a vaccine for residents of the endemic areas as well as the increasing number of people who travel to the endemic region. Early vaccine trials or even natural infections produce a short duration of immunity and poor cross-reactivity among various genotypes, therefore, future scrub typhus vaccine development should focus on identifying appropriate immunity, which would be able to generate long-term broad protection against infection from the different O. tsutsugamushi strains.
Creative Biolabs has extensive experience in the development of bacterial disease vaccines and has the most advanced conditions in vaccine development and vaccine storage and transportation. If you want to know more details, please do not hesitate to contact us.
All of our products can only be used for research purposes. These vaccine ingredients CANNOT be used directly on humans or animals.
