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Overview
Osteoblastoma is a rare osteoid tissue-forming primary neoplasm of bone, which is categorized as a benign bone tumor similar to osteoid osteoma. It can be found in the cortex, medullary canal, periosteal tissues or multicentric foci within a single bone. Osteoblastoma normally affects the vertebral column and the long bones of the appendicular skeleton. It was reported that osteoblastomas originate within cortical bone and the size of osteoblastomas range from 2 to 6 cm, with a mean of 3.2 cm. Although the tumor is considered as benign, some osteoblastomas show aggressive growth pattern. In the America, approximately 0.5-2% of all primary bone tumors is osteoblastoma. About 80% of osteoblastoma occurs in population under the age of 30, with a range of 6 months to 75 years. Osteoblastoma affects more males than females, with a ratio of about 2-3:1. There are no clear risk factors for the development of osteoblastoma.
Signs, symptoms and treatments
The primary symptom is dull and achy pain and general weakness of several months. Compared with osteoid osteoma, the pain associated with osteoblastoma is generally weaker, not more intense during the night and unlikely to be alleviated by salicylates (asprin and so on). Patients may present local swelling and tenderness if the lesion is superficial. Neurologic deficits would emerge if the spinal cord or nerve root is compressed. Osteoblastoma can be treated by radiation or chemotherapeutic measures. However, these medical means have been controversial due to complication of postirradiation sarcoma in some cases. The alternative treatment is surgical therapy to completely remove the lesion.
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