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Lung malignancy

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Overview

Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma or pulmonary carcinoma, is a malignant lung tumor characterized by growing cells out of control in the lung. In the advanced stage, its growth can spread into surrounding tissue or other places of the body. The main three types of lung cancer are small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and lung carcinoid tumor. Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke is the principal cause of lung cancer. Other factors such as genetic factors, exposure to radon gas or asbestos, and second-hand smoke can also result in lung cancer.

Sign and symptom

The most common symptoms of lung cancer include coughing (coughing up blood), unexplainable weight loss, fever, clubbing of the fingernails, breathing difficulties, bone pain, superior vena cava obstruction, difficulty in swallowing and chest pains. However, several symptoms of lung cancer such as poor appetite, weight loss, fever and fatigue are not specific. In many patients, the cancer has already metastasized out of the original location by the time when they show symptoms and obtain medical attention.

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