Mycobacterium

Mycobacterium is a slender, slightly curved cell. There are many types of mycobacteria, which can be divided into three groups: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Mycobacterium leprae. M. tuberculosis, commonly known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is obligately aerobic, and the optimum temperature is 37°C, which does not grow below 30°C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can invade all organs of the body, but tuberculosis is the most common. Because of the large number of normal flora in the intestine, M. tuberculosis must compete to survive and adhere to susceptible cells. There is no normal flora in the alveoli, and M. tuberculosis can be inhaled by droplets or bacteria-containing dust, so tuberculosis is more common. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is prone to drug resistance, which can be caused by spontaneous mutation (primary drug resistance) or by mutation selection (secondary resistance), but the production of multi-resistant is mainly due to the latter. With the increasing number of multi-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis around the world, and even causing outbreaks, tuberculosis has become more and more important.

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