Dendritic Cell Vacccine Activated by Dengue Virus Infection

Dendritic cells could be efficiently infected by dengue virus, activated to secrete TNF-α and IFN-α and driven to undergo the maturation process. As a leading service provider in the field of cancer vaccine for years, Creative Biolabs can provide customers with professional co-development services for cancer immunotherapy in a customer leading manner. Creative Biolabs’ team of experts provides personalized tumor-targeting technology that combines autologous dendritic cells with dengue virus to induce a strong immune response.

Dengue Virus

Dengue virus (DENV) is a positive‐strand RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. It is the major cause of Dengue, an emerging arboviral disease, recognized as one of the most important public health threats worldwide. The diseases caused by DENV infection include dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Dengue virus can infect and replicate in immature human myeloid DCs. Exposure to live dengue virus results in maturation and activation of infected and surrounding, uninfected DCs and stimulates the production of TNF-alpha and IFN protein families, including IFN-α/β, FN-γ, and IFN-λ, which play essential roles in combating the virus in the early stages of viral infection.

DV infect DC. C, After mock treatment or DV infection at an MOI of 10, DC were collected 48 h later and stained for intracellular NS1 and cell surface CD1a molecules, then visualized under a confocal microscope.

Fig.1 DV infect DC. C, After mock treatment or DV infection at an MOI of 10, DC were collected 48 h later and stained for intracellular NS1 and cell surface CD1a molecules, then visualized under a confocal microscope. (Ho LJ. 2001)

Dendritic Cell Vacccine Activated by Dengue Virus Infection

Human dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to be the most potent antigen-presenting cells, a natural DENV target that acts as an important immunosensor to initiate immune responses in peripheral blood and lymphatic systems and trigger IFN signaling. It is well known that plasmacytoid DCs express TLR7 and TLR9 in endosomes, through which they recognize viral RNA and viral DNA, respectively, and induce an immune response. Dengue RNA virus infection has been proven to activate TLR9 signaling in human dendritic cells. DENV infection induces the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm and activates the TLR9 signaling pathway, resulting in the production of interferon (IFN), and IFN-α and DC are driven to undergo maturation.

Exposure of immature myeloid DCs to dengue viruses results in productive infection with DC maturation and activation. Although dengue virus infection of myeloid DCs produces TNF-α and IFN-α, the secretion of IL-12 p70 is low. The addition of IFN-γ enhances the activation of myeloid DCs infected with dengue virus and enhances the release of virus-induced IL-12 p70. Creative Biolabs is a CRO dedicated to the research and development of vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Contact us now to get more information!

Reference

  1. Ho LJ, et al. Infection of human dendritic cells by dengue virus causes cell maturation and cytokine production. J Immunol. 2001, 166(3): 1499-506.

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