Cancer biomarkers play an important role in fields, such as cancer prognosis and diagnosis, predicting disease recurrence, monitoring disease progression, predicting and monitoring treatment efficacy, and cancer screening. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a potential biomarker for various cancers. With advanced and high-end technologies, rich experienced scientists, Creative Biolabs is an excellent service provider in the field of tumor marker assay. After long years ahead to fully comprehend tumor marker, we launch our MMP-9 assay portfolio service which can be useful for targeted cancer therapy and diagnosis.
MMP-9 is a member of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases with more than 20 different members, such as collagenases, gelatinases, matrilysins, stromelysins and membrane. The gene of human MMP-9 is located at chromosome 20q13.12, which contains 13 exons and 12 introns. Human MMP-9 protein contains the catalytic domain, hemopexin-like domain, signal peptide, propeptide region and the hinge region. The catalytic domain of MMP-9 contains active site, fibronectin type II (FN2) domains and zinc-binding region. This protein contains five calcium ions and two zinc ions.
Fig.1 Schematic illustration of domain structures and motifs in MMP-9. (Huang, 2018)
Several vital processes of carcinogenesis are closely related to the extracellular environment, such as invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. As one of the most widely investigated MMPs, MMP-9 plays an important role in tumor metastasis and cancer cell invasion. MMP-9 has often been observed overexpression in different malignant tumors, and its plays an important role in membrane protein cleavage and ECM remodeling. MMP-9 promotes cancer progression and development in most cases, and it can also play a suppressive role in cancer progression in some specific cases, such as colitis-associated colon cancer.
Moreover, MMP-9 is a potential biomarker for several cancers. It could be explored as a biomarker in fields, such as diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring and disease progression monitoring. Studies have explored the value of MMP-9 as a potential cancer biomarker in various cancer disease, such as giant cell tumor of bone, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma and breast cancer.
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