Absorption Products

01 ADME Products · Absorption

Gastrointestinal absorption governs how effectively a drug crosses biological barriers to reach systemic circulation. Key determinants include aqueous solubility, passive and active transcellular permeability, efflux transporter activity, and intestinal first-pass metabolism.

Our Absorption portfolio provides validated permeability models, intestinal cell systems, solubility reagents, and oral bioavailability tools — covering early-stage screening through advanced mechanistic characterisation.

Permeability Models Caco-2 Systems PAMPA Intestinal Cell Lines Solubility Reagents Gut-Wall Metabolism Vesitra™
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Product Categories
Permeability · Intestinal cells · Solubility · Oral bioavailability
1
Proprietary Brand
Vesitra™ validated transporter assay systems
6
Species Coverage
Human · Rat · Mouse · Dog · Cynomolgus · Rabbit
3
Vesitra™ Lines
Permeability · Microsomes · Dual-efflux assay systems

Absorption is the first pharmacokinetic barrier a drug must overcome. For orally administered compounds, this requires traversal of the gastrointestinal epithelium — a multi-layered process governed by physicochemical properties, membrane transporter activity, and presystemic biotransformation. Solubility and permeability together determine how much of an administered dose reaches the portal circulation intact.

Our Absorption portfolio spans the complete in vitro assessment workflow: from high-throughput PAMPA lipid membrane screening, through Caco-2 and MDCK bidirectional efflux models, to specialised intestinal microsomal fractions that quantify enterocyte-mediated first-pass clearance independently of hepatic extraction. Multi-species intestinal cell lines and biorelevant dissolution media further support cross-species translational studies.

Poor absorption accounts for a significant proportion of attrition in early drug discovery. Systematic permeability and solubility profiling at the lead optimisation stage is among the most effective strategies for reducing late-stage attrition.
Product Scope at a Glance
  • 01
    Permeability Models Caco-2 · MDCK-MDR1 · MDCK-BCRP · PAMPA (GI, BBB, Skin) · Transwell accessories
  • 02
    Intestinal Cell Models & Media Primary intestinal cells · HT-29-MTX · T84 · Culture media · Efflux substrates
  • 03
    Solubility & Dissolution Kinetic (nephelometric) kits · Thermodynamic reagents · Biorelevant dissolution media
  • 04
    Oral Bioavailability Tools Intestinal microsomes (6 species) · CYP3A4 / UGT activity kits · Fg estimation tools
Oral Absorption Pathway
1
Dissolution & Solubility
Drug dissolves in GI fluid; kinetic and thermodynamic solubility determine concentration available for absorption
2
Intestinal Permeation
Passive transcellular and paracellular transport; active efflux via P-gp (ABCB1), BCRP (ABCG2), and MRP2 (ABCC2)
3
Gut-Wall Metabolism (Fg)
CYP3A4- and UGT-mediated biotransformation in enterocytes; modelled using intestinal microsomal fractions
4
Hepatic First-Pass (Fh)
Portal blood delivered to liver; hepatic extraction reduces systemic exposure prior to circulation
F
Oral Bioavailability (F%)
F = Fa × Fg × Fh — fraction of administered dose reaching systemic circulation
Section 02
Product Type
Browse Absorption products by application area and reagent class
Permeability Models

In vitro permeability models measure drug transport across epithelial monolayers and artificial membranes. Caco-2 and MDCK systems provide bidirectional flux data and efflux ratio determination; PAMPA platforms deliver high-throughput passive permeability screening with minimal resource requirements.

Caco-2 Cell Systems
  • Caco-2 cells (low passage, ATCC-derived)
  • Caco-2 cells (high passage, high-flux variant)
  • TC7 Caco-2 subclone (uniformity-optimised)
  • Pre-differentiated Caco-2 monolayers (transwell format)
  • Caco-2 / HT-29-MTX mucus co-culture kits
MDCK Cell Lines
  • MDCK parental cell line
  • MDCK-MDR1 (P-gp / ABCB1 overexpressing)
  • MDCK-BCRP (ABCG2 stably transfected)
  • MDCK-MRP2 (ABCC2 stably transfected)
  • MDCK monolayer transwell format (ready-to-use)
PAMPA Membrane Systems
  • GI tract PAMPA plates (lipid-blended membrane)
  • BBB PAMPA (blood–brain barrier permeability model)
  • Skin PAMPA (dermal absorption model)
  • PAMPA buffer systems — donor and acceptor
  • PAMPA recovery and membrane integrity controls
Transwell Accessories
  • Polyester membrane transwell inserts (0.4 µm)
  • Polycarbonate inserts (3.0 µm)
  • TEER measurement electrodes and chopstick meters
  • Lucifer yellow paracellular integrity dye
  • Cell culture coating reagents (fibronectin, collagen I)
Intestinal Cell Models & Media

Primary and immortalised intestinal epithelial cells recapitulate luminal barrier function, drug metabolism, and transporter expression for mechanistic absorption and gut-wall metabolism studies.

Primary Intestinal Cells
  • Human primary intestinal epithelial cells (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
  • Rat and mouse primary intestinal cells
  • Enterocyte-enriched cell preparations
  • 3D intestinal organoid systems
Intestinal Cell Lines
  • TC7 Caco-2 subclone
  • HT-29 / HT-29-MTX mucus-secreting lines
  • T84 colonic epithelial cell line
  • IEC-18 small intestinal epithelial line
Culture Media & Supplements
  • DMEM/F12 base media (intestinal grade)
  • MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids (NEAA)
  • Intestinal epithelial cell growth supplements
  • Collagen I (rat tail) coating reagents
  • Growth factor-reduced basement membrane matrix
Efflux Substrates & Controls
  • Rhodamine 123 (P-gp fluorescent substrate)
  • Digoxin (established P-gp probe substrate)
  • Hoechst 33342 (BCRP fluorescent substrate)
  • Bidirectional efflux ratio positive and negative controls
Solubility & Dissolution

Aqueous solubility is a primary physicochemical driver of oral absorption. Kinetic (nephelometric) assays identify precipitation risk; thermodynamic equilibrium methods deliver the solubility values required for mechanistic modelling and formulation selection.

Kinetic Solubility Kits
  • Nephelometric solubility screening plates (96-well)
  • Aqueous solubility buffer panels (pH 2.0, 4.0, 6.8, 7.4)
  • DMSO co-solvent tolerance assessment kits
  • Turbidity threshold calibration standards
Thermodynamic Solubility Reagents
  • Miniaturised shake-flask solubility kits
  • Simulated intestinal fluids (FaSSIF / FeSSIF)
  • Simulated gastric fluid (FaSSGF)
  • Solubility reference compound standards
pH-Gradient Dissolution Systems
  • Multi-pH dissolution buffer series
  • Biorelevant dissolution media concentrate kits
  • pH-stat titration reagents
  • Compendial dissolution media (USP)
Lipid Formulation Screening
  • Lipid screening kit (long- and medium-chain)
  • Self-emulsifying drug delivery excipients
  • Solid dispersion polymer screening kit
  • Solubility-enhancing cyclodextrin derivatives (HP-β-CD)
Oral Bioavailability Tools

Intestinal first-pass metabolism is frequently the primary driver of low oral bioavailability in high-permeability compounds. Intestinal microsomal fractions and gut-wall extraction tools quantify the gut-wall extraction fraction (Fg) independently of hepatic clearance.

Intestinal Microsomal Fractions
  • Human intestinal microsomes — pooled (mixed gender)
  • Rat small intestinal microsomes (Sprague-Dawley)
  • Mouse intestinal microsomes (C57BL/6)
  • Dog (beagle) and cynomolgus monkey intestinal microsomes
  • Duodenum-enriched mucosal S9 fractions
First-Pass Metabolism Models
  • Gut-wall CYP3A4 activity assay kits
  • Intestinal UGT activity assay kits
  • NADPH regeneration systems
  • Recombinant CYP3A4 + POR co-expression systems
Gut-Wall Extraction Tools
  • Fg estimation kits (Fa × Fg correction)
  • In situ intestinal perfusion reagents (rat model)
  • Everted gut sac preparation kits
  • Mucosal scraping homogenate kits
Physicochemical Characterisation
  • pKa determination reagent kits
  • Log D / log P measurement reference standards
  • Aqueous solubility calibration compound set
  • Plasma protein binding controls (RED format)
Section 03
Search by Brands
Current and forthcoming proprietary brands within the Absorption portfolio
Featured Brand · Absorption Series
Vesitra™
Transporter-expressing cell lines and membrane vesicle systems for mechanistic drug transport studies

Vesitra™ is Creative Biolabs' proprietary brand of drug transporter research tools, comprising stably transfected cell lines overexpressing key influx and efflux transporters, and inside-out membrane vesicle preparations for direct substrate/inhibitor characterisation. Both formats are validated with established probe substrates and inhibitors, and are suitable for bidirectional permeability, efflux ratio, and vesicle uptake assays.

  • Stable overexpression of major ABC and SLC transporters
  • Inside-out vesicles for direct transporter kinetic studies
  • Validated with standard probe substrates and inhibitors
  • Available in cell-based and membrane vesicle formats
  • Matched vector-control cell lines and vesicles supplied
  • Lot-specific transporter activity data included
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Vesitra™ product formats
10+
transporter targets covered (ABC & SLC families)
Bi
directional assay-ready cell line formats
Brand Coming Soon
A new proprietary brand for the Absorption portfolio is in development.
Brand Coming Soon
Additional Absorption brands covering further assay formats are forthcoming.
Brand Coming Soon
Further brand launches are planned as the Absorption portfolio expands.
Section 04
Products
Full Absorption product catalogue — filter by category

The product catalogue below is ready to receive SKU data. Use the filter chips to browse by category. Each product entry carries a catalogue number, product name, category classification, species applicability, format, and a datasheet link.

For Research Use Only | Not For Clinical Use

Filters

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM1]

Vesitra™ Human OATP1B1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description High-fidelity cell line stably expressing human OATP1B1, designed for hepatic targeted screening and high-throughput DDI evaluation.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM2]

Vesitra™ Human OATP1B3 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A stable OATP1B3 expression model for accurately simulating the uptake of macromolecular and peptide drugs at the hepatocyte basolateral membrane.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM3]

Vesitra™ Human OATP2B1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A robust OATP2B1 stable model supporting mildly acidic environments, ideal for dual-function studies of intestinal absorption and hepatic distribution.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM4]

Vesitra™ Human OATP1A2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The ideal in vitro OATP1A2 model for penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and multi-tissue distribution research.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM5]

Vesitra™ Human OAT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A regulatory-compliant OAT1 stable cell line serving as the gold standard for renal tubular secretion and nephrotoxicity studies.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM6]

Vesitra™ Human OAT2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description An advanced OAT2 model for capturing atypical drug clearance pathways, serving as a cutting-edge tool for dual hepatic-renal transport studies.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM7]

Vesitra™ Human OAT3 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A comprehensive OAT3 model for decoding renal anion secretion, preferred for screening macromolecules and conjugated metabolites.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM8]

Vesitra™ Human OCT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The cornerstone model for hepatic cation targeting and pharmacodynamic studies, featuring high-sensitivity OCT1 stable expression.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM9]

Vesitra™ Human OCT2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A fully ICH-compliant OCT2 model unlocking the key window into renal tubular secretion and accumulation of cationic drugs.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM10]

Vesitra™ Human MATE1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A pioneering tool for simulating proton-driven efflux, the MATE1 stable line aids in resolving the final clearance steps in kidneys and liver.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM11]

Vesitra™ Human MATE2-K Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description An exclusive renal efflux transport model designed for highly refined renal excretion DDI evaluations.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM12]

Vesitra™ Human NTCP Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A dual-purpose tool for bile acid homeostasis and viral infection mechanisms, featuring a high-expression NTCP screening line.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM13]

Vesitra™ Human PEPT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A highly efficient PEPT1 stable cell model engineered to simulate intestinal absorption of peptide-based therapeutics.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM14]

Vesitra™ Human PEPT2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A high-sensitivity PEPT2 model focused on peptide reabsorption studies in the kidneys and central nervous system.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM15]

Vesitra™ Human OCT3 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A versatile tool for broadly distributed cation transport research, capturing non-tissue-specific OCT3 uptake kinetics.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM16]

Vesitra™ Human OCTN1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A stable OCTN1 expression model tailored for studying antioxidant and cationic equilibrium.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM17]

Vesitra™ Human OCTN2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The benchmark OCTN2 stable cell line for studying carnitine cycling and drug-induced efflux blockade.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM18]

Vesitra™ Human OAT4 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A renal apical membrane anion exchange model focusing on OAT4-mediated excretion and reabsorption.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM19]

Vesitra™ Human OAT7 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description An exclusive tool for hepatic sulfate transport research, decoding OAT7-mediated anion uptake.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM20]

Vesitra™ Human ASBT Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description An essential model for ileal bile acid retrieval studies, the ASBT stable expression system empowers enterohepatic circulation analysis.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM21]

Vesitra™ Human URAT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The core target model for gout drug development, delivering precise simulation of URAT1-mediated uric acid reabsorption.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM22]

Vesitra™ Human OSTα/β Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A unique heterodimeric transport model deciphering OSTα/β-mediated ATP-independent efflux.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM23]

Vesitra™ Human ENT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The foundational model for transmembrane nucleoside transport, providing a robust functional validation platform for ENT1.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM24]

Vesitra™ Human ENT2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description An ENT2 stable expression model focused on nucleoside uptake research in muscle and specialized tissues.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM25]

Vesitra™ Human CNT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A sodium-dependent pyrimidine nucleoside transport model empowering antiviral research through the CNT1 stable line.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM26]

Vesitra™ Human CNT2 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A CNT2 model dedicated to purine nucleoside active transport research, decoding energy-dependent uptake mechanisms.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM27]

Vesitra™ Human CNT3 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A broad-spectrum concentrative nucleoside transport model, featuring high-capacity CNT3 stable expression for both purine and pyrimidine analogs.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM28]

Vesitra™ Human P-gp Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A polarized MDCK cell model stably expressing human P-gp, the gold standard for assessing bidirectional permeability and brain penetration.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM29]

Vesitra™ Human BCRP Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A robust polarized model engineered for BCRP-mediated bidirectional transport, crucial for resolving multidrug resistance and drug disposition.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM30]

Vesitra™ Mouse MDR1 Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A polarized MDCK cell model stably expressing murine MDR1, essential for preclinical mouse pharmacokinetic and BBB permeability evaluations.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM31]

Vesitra™ Rat MDR1 Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A highly reliable rat MDR1 stable MDCK model for evaluating drug efflux in rodent preclinical toxicity and ADME studies.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM32]

Vesitra™ Dog MDR1 Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description Canine MDR1 stable expression MDCK model, vital for interpreting preclinical dog DMPK data and assessing breed-specific toxicity risks.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM33]

Vesitra™ Cynomolgus MDR1 Stable MDCK Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A premium cynomolgus monkey MDR1 expression model, delivering the highest translational relevance for non-human primate DMPK bridging studies.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM34]

Vesitra™ Rat URAT1 Stable HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A stable HEK293 cell line expressing rat URAT1, designed for the preclinical assessment of uric acid transport and gout therapeutics.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM43]

Vesitra™ Uptake Transporter Cell Panel
Product Type Cell Panel
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A ready-to-use, comprehensive bundle of stable HEK293 cell lines expressing key human SLC transporters, designed for high-throughput uptake assays and regulatory DDI screening.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM44]

Vesitra™ Efflux Transporter Cell Panel
Product Type Cell Panel
Organism Canine
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description A specialized suite of stable MDCK-II cell lines expressing critical human ABC transporters, optimized for bidirectional transport assays and efflux ratio determination.

[Cat#: ITS-0326-HM45]

Vesitra™ Human Mock HEK293 Cell Line
Product Type Transporter Cell Line
Organism Human
Brand Vesitra™
Development Stage ADME
ADME Research Domain Metabolism; Absorption; Excretion
Short Description The essential negative control cell line transfected with an empty vector, required for determining background transport activity.
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